perforating

Part of speech: Verb

Definition: “To make a hole through, especially: to make a line of holes in to facilitate separation.”

Site: https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/perforating

The tool: “what is it makes them think that the plowshare torn from the bowels of the earth by perforating machines,…”

I understand now that a plowshare is a part of the plow, and the plow itself is putting the holes in the ground. when the “plow” in “perforating” its putting holes in the ground that helps for farming and planting seeds.

Oscillated

OSCILLATE (verb)

Os – cil – late / Oscillate ; Oscillating

  1. a. To swing backward and forward like a pendulum // The fan was oscillating.

b. To move or travel back and forth between two points // He oscillates regularly between his comfortable home… and his downtown office-laboratory.

( Merriam-Webster )

Wind Sand and Stars is where I encountered this word on chapter three called The Tool on the sixth small paragraph. I have seen this word from reading this passage in class.

Now I have a better understanding of the word Oscillate. The meaning of the word could mean anything that goes up and down , back and forth from a graph to emotions to mechanics.

https://goo.gl/images/qxbeUJ ( Link of picture for example )

Culminate

Culminate (verb)

1. To reach it’s the highest altitude – Mariam Webster dictionary

2. To rise to or form a summit

3.to reach the highest or a climactic or decisive point

This word was found in an essay called “The Tool”.

The sentence which shows how the  word was used says, “Have you ever thought, not only about the airplane but about whatever man builds, that all of man’s industrial efforts, all his computations, and calculations, all the nights spent over working draughts and blueprints, invariably culminate in the production of a thing whose sole and guiding principle is the ultimate principle of simplicity?”

When I think of the word Culminate, I think of the word climax. To culminate is to reach the highest point.

 

 

 

Futile

Futile: (adjective) That serves no useful purpose, effortless or worthless.

At first point, I wasn’t very familiar with the word Futile and therefore I didn’t understand what the first sentence was try to say until I looked up on a Dictionary and by knowing its definition, reading it once more with knowing the word “Futile” it now make sense and I get the message of the first sentence.

Website (dictionary): https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/futile

So far, I understand that the story is talking about a prediction of technology in the future, and the author point out that it would be futile to create a new technology when we will have to confront something chaotic for an advance technology. It would be all for nothing if we create something that it won’t benefit us and harm us in a devastated way. Something futile can’t help us and technology evolve in a better way than just doing nothing.

Thermodynamics

Noun

Physics that deals with the mechanical action or relations of heat. This definition comes from the Merriam-Webster dictionary. I encountered this word while reading “The Tool” reading.

The author uses the word in the sentence “In this spirit do engineers, physicists concerned with thermodynamics, and the swarm of preoccupied draughtsmen tackle their work.”

Thermodynamics deals with the transfer of energy

Patina

noun

DEFINITION-“A green or brown film on the surface of bronze or similar metals, produced by oxidation over a long period.”

ORIGIN– “mid 18th century: from latin, from latin patina ‘Shallow Dish”

EXAMPLE– My dads old car is starting to build some “patina” on the hood and the the trunk of the car

IMAGE–     https://goo.gl/images/gdsH8h

Fictitious

Fictictiuos: (Adjective)

Definition: Not real or true, being imaginary or having been fabricated.

Source: www.google.com/ficticious

Encounter: “The tool” 8th paragraph. “Numerous, nevertheless, are the moralists who have attacked the machine as the source of all the ills we bear, who, creating a fictitious dichotomy, have denounced the mechanical civilization as the enemy of the spiritual civilization.’

Comprehension: I now understand this word because, Through the reading I understand that a false contrast was made between two things included on the reading.

 

Perforating

Perforating -(verb)

To pierce and make a hole or holes in

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/perforated

The word was used in the reading the tool in the 8th paragraph

I understand that the word means to make a hole into something that may not have had one.