Word: Disparate (adjective)
Definition: markedly distinct in quality or character
Source: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/disparate
encounter: “here, poverty and privilege are neighbors, income gaps are a source of resentment and guilt” (paragraph 4). “A defining characteristic New York city its is economic diversity, The juxtaposition of people of disparate circumstances in limited spaces.
Comprehension: This sentence is basically discussing the distinct quality of the view of the authors view of New York city.