Brainstorm: what are the reasons you can think of to cite sources? It might help to think about this from the point of view of when you are the author and when you are the reader.

• proof of information or fact (it must be true because someone else said it)
  • incorporate info from authority
    • makes us an authority/ adds to the authority of what we’re writing
  • data to support claim
  • backs up a point
  • draw on more information than we can produce ourselves
  • credible source?
• helps readers understand theme or message
  • provide examples
  • use different language to say what you’re saying
  • brings different voices into your work
  • can show how what you’re saying makes sense
  • can bolster what you’re saying
  • can give a path through more information
  • gives the reader information about where to find sources
• if we use sources, we must cite them to give them credit for their work, words, ideas
  • avoid plagiarism
  • gives credit to the original source
  • makes it clear it’s not your idea/language

How do you cite sources?

• linking out to the source
• include the URL
• MLA, (APA)
• use something like Purdue OWL citation guide for MLA
• use database to generate citation
• use Easybib to generate a citation
• Works Cited comes at the end (bibliography)
• In-text citations
  • parenthetical citations

According to Graff and Birkenstein in They Say, I Say, these are some advisable ways to incorporate others’ ideas into our writing:

A argues _______, and I agree because __________________.

A claims ________, and I have mixed feelings about it. On the one hand, I agree that __________________. On the other hand, I still insist that _______________________.

A advocates ________________.

argue, assert, believe, claim, emphasize, insist, observe, remind us, report, suggest

I acknowledge _________.

agree with, admire, celebrate the fact that, corroborate, do not deny, endorse, extol, praise, reaffirm, support, verify

According to…

In a 2017 NYTimes article,

Fortin, Jacey. “Toppling Monuments, a Visual History.” New York Times, 17 Aug. 2017, www.nytimes.com/2017/08/17/world/controversial-statues-monuments-destroyed.html.

In a recent study,

[information]. A recent study reports on this.

We can use an ellipsis to omit … irrelevant parts of a quotation.