Reading these essays, all of the author’s aesthetic approach was bringing advertising to typography and photography. In early design time, type began for communication and gradually transformed to advertising. Whether it was for a magazine, book, newspaper or political message, type was always a form of advertisement. To solve a visual communication problem or to bring about a message. Even though the message was and is the initial goal of art, that also is a form of advertisement. Advertisement was seen as another way of income. 

The role typography, photography and other media should play in a new kind of design is innovation and constructivism. Bringing innovation to a design is a form of Avant Garde, however adding purpose makes the design more meaningful. No matter what challenge or struggle one may face, purpose is key because without it you won’t enjoy making the design. Constructivism brings from unique perspectives of art and in which today I call it “RND”. RND stands for Research and development. The process of theory to a design makes the design what it is.

The technological advances such as new typography, photogram, photoplastic and typephoto influenced the aesthetic form and theories in early 1920. These advances cas moholy-Nagy said, were a part of the foundation of the new world. He claims it to be the antidote for text. These advances help bring evolution to type. It helped communicate in a much more creative and efficient way which contributed to the printing world.