Monthly Archives: September 2019

Low-stakes assignment: genre analysis

Context:

We have been studying genre analysis using The Bedford Book of Genres. We used the key terms from “Rhetorical Situation and Choices” and “Genre” to analyze ads in class. Then, I had students find an ad for homework and post about it on the discussion board using the same terms that we had studied in class.

Discussion board assignment:

Hi all! Look at the chart on page 32, then pick an ad that you’ve seen in your life and write about the rhetorical situation and choices (purpose, audience, rhetorical appeals, modes and media) and the genre conventions (common examples, style, design, sources).

If the ad is a video or a link, please post it!

In-class application:

I had them circle up in small groups and explain to their group which ad they analyzed. Then I picked a couple of ads that students had posted about, had the students who wrote about them explain them, and then we watched those ads as a class and analyzed them. It was especially useful when I had several students who analyzed ads from similar companies (like Nike, Reebok, and Adidas). In this case we watched each ad and then decided which company was doing their ad campaigns the best and why.

How to create a new post

FYI– We meet in Namm 618 at 4 pm. Also, our upcoming dates are:
Sept 11
Sept 25
Oct 2
Oct 23
Nov 6
Nov 20
Dec 4
Dec 11
Make sure you’re a member of the PD site.
    1. Make sure you’re Registered with Open Lab.
    2. Find the PD site.
    3. Click on Join! (just below the avatar).
    4. Click on Visit Project Site on the right hand side.
    5. You’re in!
NOW to create a post.
  1. Find the little circle with the plus sign in it on the top of the site.
  2. Click on it. You will open the Post Dashboard by default.
  3. Give it a title.
  4. Type your message.
  5. To attach a document, click on Add Media.
    • The Media Library page will open.
    • Click on Upload Files.
    • Go find and choose your file.Click on Insert into Post.
    • You’ll be taken back to the Post Dashboard
  6.  When you finish your post, pick a Category from the Category menu on the right side. If you forget, you’ll get a prompt to pick a Category.
  7. Then hit Publish.

1101 Syllabus

 

ENGLISH 1101 COURSE SYLLABUS

 

Professor Name: Andrew Stone

Office Phone: (718) 260-5392

Office: Namm 529

Office Hours: Wednesday 1:15-2:15

Email: astone@citytech.cuny.edu

Meeting Time: MW 10:00-11:15 a.m.

Classroom Location: Namm 1005

Conference Hour: 9:00-9:50 a.m.

Location: Namm 1018

Online Location: https://openlab.citytech.cuny.edu/comp2019morning/

 

 

Course Description:

 

This, English 1101, the first half of First Year Writing at City Tech, aims to equip you with the critical thinking, reading, and writing skills necessary for this class, all of your other classes, and beyond, in the professionalized working world. The point, and my role, is not to tell you what exactly to write, not even necessarily how to write, but to offer a structured forum in which you can learn the underlying, practical procedures used to approach any writing or reading situation. We will call these differing textual situations “rhetorical situations” and we will call this process of teaching methods (rather than information) “teaching for transfer”. Through engaging different rhetorical situations, we will consider who is speaking, who they are speaking to/for, and why they’re even speaking at all! The course will involve personal exploration/reflection, rhetorical analysis, and research, through which we will look at the varying social contexts in which some kind of specific meaning is exchanged. As such, we will engage a wide range of media and investigate how these media express the world we inhabit. While the goals of this course are communal, one’s journey through writing is intensely personal, and with that in mind, we will foster an environment in which our unique voices, styles, and dispositions can be heard and critiqued as we confront important social, cultural, and existential realities. And finally, we are here, myself included, to grow as thinkers and writers.

 

Prerequisite: CUNY proficiency in reading and writing

 

Learning Outcomes:

 

After completing ENG 1101 you should be able to:

 

  1. Read and listen critically and analytically in a variety of genres and rhetorical situations: Identify and evaluate exigencies, purposes, claims, supporting evidence and underlying assumptions in a variety of texts, genres and media.

 

  1. Adapt and compose in a variety of genres: adapt writing conventions in ways that are suitable to different exigencies and purposes in a variety of contexts including academic and workplace audiences. When appropriate, repurpose prior work to new genre, audiences and media by adjusting delivery, design, tone, organization and language.

 

  1. Use research as a process of inquiry and engagement with multiple perspectives. Learn to focus on a topic and develop research questions that lead to propositions and claims that can be supported with well-reasoned arguments. Demonstrate research skills through attribution and citation gathering, evaluating and synthesizing both primary and secondary sources.

 

  1. Use reflection and other metacognitive processes to revise prior assumptions about reading and writing and transfer acquired knowledge into new writing situations.

 

 

Readings / Text:

 

All readings are available on the course website, or else will be made available by handout.

 

University Policies

 

Accessibility Statement

City Tech is committed to supporting the educational goals of enrolled students with disabilities in the areas of enrollment, academic advisement, tutoring, assistive technologies and testing accommodations. If you have or think you may have a disability, you may be eligible for reasonable accommodations or academic adjustments as provided under applicable federal, state and city laws. You may also request services for temporary conditions or medical issues under certain circumstances. If you have questions about your eligibility or would like to seek accommodation services or academic adjustments, please contact the Center for Student Accessibility at 300 Jay Street room L-237, 718 260 5143 or http://www.citytech.cuny.edu/accessibility/.

 

Academic Integrity and Plagiarism Statement

Students and all others who work with information, ideas, texts, images, music, inventions, and other intellectual property owe their audience and sources accuracy and honesty in using, crediting, and citing sources. As a community of intellectual and professional workers, the College recognizes its responsibility for providing instruction in information literacy and academic integrity, offering models of good practice, and responding vigilantly and appropriately to infractions of academic integrity. Accordingly, academic dishonesty is prohibited at New York City College of Technology and is punishable by penalties, including failing grades, suspension, and expulsion.

Sanctions for Academic Integrity Violations

In accordance with the CUNY Policy on Academic Integrity, NYCCT empowers its Academic Integrity Committee and Academic Integrity Officer to process violations of the CUNY Academic Integrity Policy. As stated in the student handbook, all instructors must report all instances of academic dishonesty to the Academic Integrity Officer.

 

Course Policies

 

Attendance: Students who fail to attend class regularly will fall behind on the daily writing assignments. The daily assignments build upon previous work and lead towards success in the major projects. In order to succeed in the class, students will need to attend regularly. Students who fall behind will likely have a difficult time catching up.

 

Missed Work and Late Papers: I do not accept late homework. For larger assignments, every day the assignment is late, you will lose half a letter grade on your final portfolio. That said, if you talk to me before the paper is due, I’ll likely grant an extension. This means you can’t ask for an extension the night before the paper is due. This is an exception reserved for difficult circumstances – you don’t have to tell me more than you’re comfortable with, but please don’t lie.

 

OpenLab Statement:

You will need to register with the City Tech Open Lab and join our course immediately. We will do this on the first day. It will be your responsibility to learn the navigation of the class website during the first week. After the first week, we will be using the Open Lab. Any work that you fail to post after the 3rd class meeting cannot be made up. If you need help with this, see me immediately, and make sure to come to the first and second class meetings.

 

Course Load Expectations: Come to this class, and this semester, prepared to read and write. It is why we are here. It is part of being in college. There will be, at times, a large amount of work. I have done my best to spread out this work, and I will revise the syllabus as much as is reasonable to ensure a schedule most conducive to our learning objectives. I understand that attention spans are diminishing – this is out of my control, and as such, I intend for this class to be one through which you can develop a more responsible relationship to time. You and your classmates are here to learn and I am here to help facilitate that learning. We are in this together, so let’s do the work we need to do to get through this together.

 

Major Projects and Assignments

 

Project 1: Literacy Narrative

 

The overarching goal of the Literacy Narrative assignment is to lay a metacognitive foundation

for the rest of the semester. In this assignment you will:

 

  • describe your own reading processes, writing processes, and the relationship between the two
  • gain a greater sense of your own past literacy experiences and how those experiences have shaped how they envision themselves as writers in the current moment
  • reflect on your own schooling and educational influences and examine the social cultural, and political issues involved in accessing language fluency
  • explore your understandings of the ethnic and cultural diversity of written English as well as the influence of other registers, dialects, and languages.

 

 

Project 2: Genre Research Report

Unit 2 will be an investigation into and report on a specific question about a topic that interests you. You will conduct research into various genres (4 sources), gather and evaluate the information in those sources, and present a report on your findings.

For this assignment, you will not need a thesis statement; rather, I am asking you think investigate, analyze, and report what you have learned from your investigation. You may arrive at an answer to you initial question, or you may find you’re asking the wrong questions and will need to rethink your approach.

In this unit, you will:

  • Ask and develop specific question. This should be something you care about, something you’ve always wondered about – something that will keep you engaged, as you’ll be continuing this line of inquiry in Unit 3 as well.
  • Research, gather information on, and analyze 4 sources consisting of at least 3 different genres.

 

Project 3: Writing in a New Genre

 

In this unit, you will be using your research from Unit 2 to compose a document/artefact in a new genre. This is to say, a genre you have not used before. You might want to write a declaration, a manifesto, a rulebook, a magazine article (from a particular publication), a comic book, a children’s book, short story, a video essay etc. The possibilities are virtually endless. The caviats are:

 

  1. You must have a rhetorical understanding of the genre you choose
  2. Your genre must suit the site-based-topic you’ve researched

 

I would recommend choosing a genre we have studied, unless you are confident in your understanding of the chosen genre.

 

You cannot simply write an “article”. You must choose a mentor text. This means that you have a specific publication you are looking to. An article on VICE is different than an article in SALON. You’ll need to be specific, and the genre must contain words. The final word count for this will be 1500 words at least. If you are choosing to do something say in video or song, you must transcribe the words.

 

 

Other graded projects:

 

Journals:

 

You will be required to keep a writing “Journal”. This will be two-fold.

 

First, there are journal prompts as listed in the syllabus/semester outline. These will be posted to open lab, and must be posted before class on the day they are due.

 

Second, you will be required to keep a writing notebook. This will contain any and all in-class writing assignments. As mentioned before, this will be a notebook you must always bring to class, and must have pages you can easily remove to be handed in.

 

 

 

 

Final Portfolio:

 

The final portfolio will be the bulk of your grade in this class. We will discuss this in-depth as the semester progresses, but the idea is that it will consist of all finished work, along with a handful of journal prompts, reflections, and in-class writing assignments, which will be revised and formatted for the portfolio.

         This will also include a final reflection, in which you reflect on your writing practices throughout your semester.

 

 

Grading Policy:

 

Grade Calculation

 

Homework/Participation

 

Journals

50 %

 

20%

In-class Writing 15%
Participation 15%
Final Portfolio 50 %

 

Homework/Participation

 

Yes, Homework and Participation is worth 50%. This means you must come to class (almost) all of the time in order to do well.

In this class, you’re learning both about your writing process AND how to be a part of an academic/writing community. You’re learning the methods to tackle any future writing project. And more specifically, you’re learning YOUR way of doing this. So, it is essential you are present in every sense of the word.

 

A Few Important Details:

 

Attendance: If you miss six classes, you fail the attendance portion of your grade. This means you can technically miss five classes. However, you will still take a penalty for the class work you missed on those days! Lateness over 15 min is half an absence. Lateness of over 35 min is an entire absence (after all, the class is only an hour and 15 minutes). The conference hour counts as an entirely separate class, and an entirely separate absence.

 

Homework:

As noted earlier, homework is due BEFORE class starts, usually on the OpenLab, unless otherwise noted. I don’t accept late homework, because the homework directly relates to the class topic of the day it is due.

On the other hand, homework is graded on completion. You just have to do it to receive the grade. But if it’s clear you totally winged it or barely tried, you’ll get a 0.

 

Rough drafts: These are worth a portion of the overall grade on your paper and your attendance for the day it is due. A late rough draft means a lower grade on your paper. It also means if you show up to class on the day that it is due without it, you’ll be counted as absent.

 

 

Final Portfolio

 

The final portfolio consists of your three major papers, as well as an author’s statement introducing your work, and a reflection essay.

We’ll be working towards this portfolio all semester. For each unit, you will submit final drafts of your paper, on which you will receive a provisional grade, meaning you can always improve them for the final portfolio.

 

Tentative Semester Outline

 

  • All Readings and Assignments are DUE on the day they are
  • Any changes made to the following schedule will be announced in class or on the class website. It is your responsibility to keep up with all announced

 

DATE CLASS TOPICS READINGS / WRITINGS / VIEWINGS
WEEK 1

W  08/28

 

Syllabus, Open Lab

 

 

In-class diagnostic essay

 

Annotation

 

 

Navigate Course Website.

 

Write: Reflection – What are your expectations for the semester? How do you feel about writing classes? About writing?

Read Sandra Cisneros’ “Only Daughter”

Write:(1) a reflection (200 words) and (2) an episode in your life of literacy (~250 words)

 

  WEEK 2

M    09/02

 

 

Labor Day—College Closed

W 09/04  

Introduction to Unit 1: Literacy Narrative

 

Annotation

 

Descriptive Writing

 

 

HW:

Tan, “Mother Tongue” & AnzaldĂșa, “How to Tame a Wild Tongue”

Journal Entry 1.1

CW: Discuss Tan and Anzaldua essay in groups

Writing a concrete, significant scene

Class discussion / Reflection Writing CW1.1

 

Th 09/05

(Monday Sched.)

 

Reading across/about different Literacies

Descriptive Writing

Code-Meshing / Code Switching

 

Introduce Literary Narrative Assignment

 

 

HW Due: Excerpt from Young, “Nah We Straight” and Bring Questions/Comments about Reading

CW:

Conference Hour: Continue Discussion of Tan and AnzaldĂșa

Reflection Writing CW1.1

Read excerpt from Philip’s “The Absence of Writing
” & Young, “Should Writers 
”

Reading Reflection (Young and Philip)

Group work/Discussion

Writing: Personal Literacy CW1.2

 

WEEK 3

 

M       09/09

 

 

Reading/Writing “with” other texts

 

Introducing Rhetorical Terms

 

Argument/Thesis

 

HW Due: Rose, “Rigid Rules, Inflexible Plans, and the Stifling of Language”

Journal 1.2: Difficulty Response – What did you find difficult in this reading? Identify 3 places, throughout the text, that tripped you up. Did you find this reading helpful? If not, why? (300 words)

CW:

Conference Hour: Discussion of Rose

Watch Adichie, “The Danger of a Single Story”

Writing: Personal Literacy CW1.3

Discuss Thesis, Purpose, Argument

 

 

W 09/11

 

The Writing Process

 

Outlining Best Practices

 

Discourse Communities

 

 

 

Pre-Writing/Conceptual Outline of Literacy Narrative Due (250 words)

HW Due: Browse Orwell and Canagarajah

Annotate and Outline Adichie Transcript (with a particular eye on structure/rhetorical devices)

CW: Read Saunders

Outline Best Practices

 

WEEK 4

 

M       09/16

 

Annotated Peer Review + Revision

 

Discuss Peer Review Letters

 

 

Rough Draft of Literacy Narrative Due

 

HW due: Straub, “Responding
”

CW: Read/Discuss Straub,

Paired Peer Review

Notes for Reflection on Peer Review

 

 

 

W 09/18

 

Discuss Revision/

Reflection Portion

 

Reflect as a Class

Set Goals for Discourse Community

 

 

HW: Murray, “The Maker’s Eye”

Journal Entry 1.3 – Writing Process Reflection

 

CW: Discuss Revision

 

WEEK 5 Unit 1 should be completed no later than Monday, 09/23, but may be completed earlier.
 

M    09/23

 

Introduction to Unit 2: Rhetoric, Genre, Discourse

 

Literacy Narrative Final Draft Due

 

General Discussion of Rhetoric, Genre

Close Reading exercise: The Red Wheelbarrow

W 09/25  

Rhetorical Analysis

 

SOAPSTONE

 

HW: Carroll, “Backpacks vs. Briefcases”

CW: Discuss Carroll in Groups, then open up

Read Abdurraqib, “On Breakups”, Watch HAIM video

WEEK 6

 

M    09/30

No Classes Schedule
 

W 10/02

 

Engaging Context: Speaker, Audience, Purpose

 

Introduce Unit 2 Assignment

 

 

 

HW: Dirk, “Navigating Genre”

SOAPSTONE for reading

Journal 2.1

CW: Practice Rhetorical Analysis

 

WEEK 7

 

M    10/07

 

Engaging Genre

 

Constructing a Research Question

 

 

 

HW: Lorde, “The Master’s Tools
”

Lab:

Reflection: How do you feel about research? Do you have an idea of what you might research?

Free-write: Write about something that is meaningful to you, something you encounter every day or think about a lot. Ask three questions about this thing.

 

CW:

Discuss Genre

Read Lerner, 10:04 Excerpt; Octopus, Wikipedia Entry; Google Search, “Octopus as food”

 

 

 

W 10/09

No Classes Scheduled
WEEK 8

 

M    10/14

No Classes Scheduled
W 10/16

(M schedule)

 

Sites of Inquiry: Institution – Audience/Purpose

 

Site/Genre Analysis

 

 

 

Lab: KLW +

HW: Rough Draft of Question and Proposal Due Genre Research Practice (Handout)

Journal Entry 2.2: Rhetorical/Genre Analysis

CW: Go over Genre Research Practice

 

 

 

WEEK 9

 

M       10/21

 

Specifying, Narrowing Research

 

Specifying Purpose

 

Genre Analysis Practice

 

Final Draft of Research Question and Proposal Due w/ KWL+ research report

 

HW: Journal 2.3 – Reflection: How did you go about choosing your topic? How did you go about researching it? What did you find difficult about this process? What did you learn about your topic and about your writing/research process?

CW: Group work/Peer review– share reflections and research proposals

Discuss

 

 

W 10/23

 

Library Day

 

SOAPSTONE for first two genres

 

 

Continue Research into Genres and work on SOAPSTONE sheets

 

 

 

WEEK 10

 

Midterm Grades Due this Week

M    10/28  

Questions/Concerns Regarding Research

 

Individual Conferences

 

 

HW: Janet Emig, “Writing as a Mode of Learning”

Journal 2.4 – Reflect on your research so far. How do you plan for writing/research? Have you used writing as a means for discovery? If so, how?

CW: Reflect on Research/Writing Process so far

Practice Genre Analysis

W 10/30  

Applying Rhetorical Strategies – Thinking about Audience and Purpose

 

Rough Draft Due

 

Peer Review

 

Discussion/Questions about Reflection portion of Final Draft

 

 

WEEK 11 Unit 2 should be completed no later than Monday, 11/04, but may be completed earlier.
 

M    11/04

 

Re-introduce Unit 3: Writing in a New Genre

 

Sub-Unit: Rhetorical Analysis revisited

 

Unit 2 Assignment Final Draft Due

 

CW: Reflection, Looking Backwards and Forwards

Talk about appropriate genres

Brainstorm/Reflection on potential genres

 

W 11/06  

A Deeper Investigation into Sources

 

 

HW: Graff, “Teaching Rhetorical Analysis
”

CW: Continue Discussion of Genre

Difficulty Paper Part 1

 

 

WEEK 12

 

M    11/11

 

Rhetorical Triangle/Argument

 

Sub-unit 2: Investigating a single genre

 

The Speech

 

 

 

HW: Difficulty Paper Part 2 (Combine with Part 1) – Journal 3.1

CW: Discuss Graff

Read Wallace, “This is Water”

Discuss Rhetorical Elements of Speeches

SOAPSTONE

 

W 11/13  

 

Genre/Assignment Proposal

 

The Creative Essay

 

 

 

HW: Kunin, “Love Three”

Sebald, excerpt from “Rings of Saturn”

Nelson, excerpt from “Bluets”

SOAPSTONE for each

CW: Break into Groups, Rhetorical Analysis, Mini-presentations

 

 

WEEK 13

M 11/18

 

Choosing a Mentor Text/Research

 

Interview, Exposé, Profile

 

 

Assignment Proposal Draft Due

 

HW: Harvey, “Kara Walker”

Morris, “The Murders of Gonzago”

CW: Journal 3.2 – Rhetorical Analysis and Comparison

Discuss characteristics of Interview/Profile vs. Exposé

 

 

W 11/20  

Image, Text, Sound

 

HW: Choose a non-verbal medium to research (podcast, concert, music video, painting, etc.) and write a reflection on the content and rhetorical elements of that piece/genre – Journal 3.3

CW: KLW+

Analyzing Non-verbal media

 

 

 

WEEK 14

M    11/25

 

Video Essay

 

Works Cited

 

 

Assignment Proposal Due (Rhetorical Analysis of Mentor “Text” + Tentative argument + Rationalization)

 

HW: Blank, “Garlic” (Kanopy)

Journal 3.3 Rhetorical Analysis of Blank

CW: Discuss Blank

Varda, “Black Panthers”, Group work

 

 

W 11/27  

Questions/Concerns re: Drafting Unit 3 Assignment

 

In-text Citation

 

 

 

HW:

Journal 3.4 – Outline of Unit 3 Assignment and Reflection

CW: Review Examples of Multimodal Assignments

 

WEEK 15

M    12/02

 

Revision

Round-table discussion

 

HW: Murray, “Internal Revision”

Revised Annotated Bibliography of Unit 3 Assignment

CW: Discuss Revision

Round-table discussion of writing process, group peer-review

 

 

W 12/04 Reflection/Final Peer Review/ Individual Conferences

 

Rough Draft of Unit 3 Assignment Due

 

WEEK 16 Unit 3 should be completed no later than Monday, 12/09, but may be completed earlier.
M    12/09  

Unit 4: Final Porfolio

 

Final Draft of Unit 3 Assignment Due

 

W 12/11  

Format/Design

 

 

CW: In-class time to work on final portfolio

Mini-conferences

 

 

WEEK 17

M    12/16

 

Reflection and Transfer

 

 

Working Draft of Portfolio Due

Draft of Reflection Paper Due

CW: How has an investigation into genre offered insight about the writing process?

What worked for you? What didn’t?

 

W 12/18  

Looking Back, Looking Ahead

 

 

Final Draft of Reflection paper Due

 

F 12/20 End of Term. Final Portfolio should be submitted by today, but may be submitted earlier.
F 12/27 Final Grades Due

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lesson plan “Mother Tongue”

Agenda

How do you integrate all the languages you speak?

Respond in writing to the following:

  • How many languages do you speak? Here I mean, not necessarily foreign languages but languages you speak with friends, languages you speak with family, languages you may speak with people with whom you share a hobby like a sport.
  • To whom do you speak those different languages?
  • How do you feel about speaking different languages to different people in different contexts?
  • How does your intended audience impact how you speak to someone and the word choice you use?
  • How does the purpose for your communication impact what you say and how you say it?
  • How can you have a similar message or purpose for different audiences but use different word choice based on your audience?

Discuss with a partner, and then we will discuss this as a class.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cihZKJRj8AA

Let’s watch Amy Tan’s speech at the White House and do

Say Mean Matter about it.

http://www.suttonclassroom.com/uploads/9/0/6/0/9060273/new_say_mean_matter3.pdf

Let’s do a little role play of how you would ask your mom for a raise on your allowance.

Now, let’s do another role play on how you would ask your boss for a raise.

What did you notice about the language?

Take out the SOAPSTONE chart that we used with “Superman and Me,” and do the same thing for “Mother Tongue” and go over it.

Let’s look at how Amy Tan brings her mother and her language to life. Let’s reread as a class paragraph five. In paragraph five what techniques does Amy Tan use to bring her mother’s language to life?

How does she contrast the way her mother sounds to what her mother knows and can understand?

When you write narratives, use dialogue, frame dialogue, develop concrete, specific details, use verbs precisely and use your senses. Show, don’t tell. This came from the students

Definition of anecdote- a usually short narrative of an interesting, amusing or biographical incident.

 

In this essay, Tan uses anecdotes about herself and her mother with the stockbroker and the hospital. Reread 0page2, paragraphs 2-7, and discuss with a partner what makes these anecdotes effective? Make a list and we will share the list.

Use verbs precisely

Add dialogue

Use your senses

Add concrete detail to create a scene.

Build a scene

 

You are going to write anecdotes about your own reading and writing life. Think about your own reading, writing or speaking life.   Think of an anecdote from your own life? Write it down. Use what we found effective about the Tan essay in your own writing.

Share what you have written with your partner.

Homework:

  • Do Homework for Open Lab. It’s easy.
  • Do the Brainstorming Worksheet and questions about Baldwin and the Tyson video. The Tyson video is on Blackboard.

 

 

Low Stakes Assignment

This is more of a class discussion than an assignment, but it did really help with engagement. I asked students to reflect on just the title of Anzaldua’s “How To Tame a Wild Tongue.” We spent probably 20 minutes thinking about how “tame” relates to “wild”, for instance, and what the implications are within that relationship. We also talked about “How To” as a genre (“it’s like an instruction manual,” a student said), and how thinking about that genre could be useful–or not–for thinking about what the text is trying to say. Really slowing down and thinking about the title’s six words helped some students feel less overwhelmed, I think, and gave them a model for how to read by focusing on specific details and the thoughts and feelings those details provoked.