INFORMATION ABOUT “CR/NC” FLEXIBLE GRADING POLICY FOR FALL 2020 (from the College–you should have received this in an email to your City Tech account)
What is the flexible grading policy?
The flexible grading policy applies to all students. After final grades are posted in CUNYfirst, you can choose to convert the traditional letter grade you earned in each single course (any grade from B+ to F), into a grade of Credit (“CR”) or No Credit (“NC”). When you select this option, your letter grades of B+ to D- will convert to “Credit” while your letter grades of F will convert to “No Credit.” Grades of Credit or No Credit will not factor into your GPA. You will have until Saturday, January 16, 2021, to select CR or NC instead of a letter grade in any of your eligible classes. Some courses are not eligible for CR/NC, and a detailed list is included below.
Do you have to use the flexible grading policy?
No. It is important you understand that using the flexible grading policy is not mandatory. You can select this option for one course, for several courses, or for all courses. You can also choose to keep whatever traditional letter grades you earn.
If you choose to take advantage of the policy, you will make a separate decision for each course. You can keep the letter grades that work to your advantage.
Over the next few days, City Tech will post new information and tools to help in your decision-making. We will let you know as these become available.
What is different from the spring 2020 semester?
There are important differences. First, you cannot convert a grade of A- into a CR grade. Across the university, a number of students did this by mistake in spring 2020, with the result of a lowered grade point average. Second, there are many instances when converting a grade into a CR might prevent you from progressing in your degree program. Some licensure requirements demand that a student have a grade of C or better in all classes within the major. A grade of CR won’t do it! In other cases, a grade of C or better is a prerequisite to progress to a more advanced course. To prevent you from falling into that trap, the CR/NC option may not be available for some of those courses. You still need to be careful in your choices, especially if you expect to transfer into a different degree program or plan to apply to a clinical program.
What should you do right now?
Speak with your academic advisor if there is any uncertainty about your individual case. You will have a period of time after your grades are posted in CUNYfirst to make your decision. In most cases, the deadline is Saturday, January 16, 2021. Continue to monitor your City Tech email, since we will send more information as it becomes available.
What is the process for declaring a CR/NC grade?
The University has created a process in CUNYFirst that will allow you to use a drop-down menu showing the course and original grade submitted by your professor and then, if appropriate and useful, to have the letter grade converted to a CR/NC. It is important to keep in mind that once you make the declaration for CR/NC, it is final! You cannot go back and change the declaration to a standard letter grade. Think through your decision CAREFULLY before submitting the request! Once you make your decision you cannot change it. If you have been on academic probation or have a cumulative GPA of less than 2.0, the minimum required to graduate, it is crucial you talk to an advisor before making a final decision to take CR for a C or higher.
Some courses are not eligible for conversion to CR!
No courses that have the following prefixes can be converted to CR: VCT, EDU, DEN, HSA, NUR, RAD
Nor can the following courses:
Human Services: HUS2305, HUS2405, HUS4701, HUS4801;
Health Services Administration: HSA3510, HSA3560, HSA3602, HSA 3630, HSA 4620 and HSA 4740;
Math Education: MEDU3002, MEDU4000, MEDU4001 and MEDU4002.
Architecture: ARCH1112, ARCH1212, ARCH2312, ARCH2412, ARCH3512, ARCH3612, ARCH3630, ARCH1231, ARCH2331, ARCH2431, ARCH3531
Computer Engineering Technology: CET3625
Construction and Civil Engineering Technology: CMCE 1115, CMCE 1215
Why? In all of these programs there are requirements that students pass classes with a grade of C or better, in order to qualify for licensure, or teacher certification or other professional credentialing. So, you would only delay or damage your progress by converting grades with these prefixes into CR grades.
What do you need to consider when making this decision?
You may want to reach out to your academic advisor or program director to ask questions about how this may affect your degree plan and/or your financial aid awards. Keep in mind that while all CUNY colleges SHOULD accept your credit for transfer, we cannot guarantee that all colleges and universities, graduate programs, scholarships, and other parties will accept the grade of “CR” for credit. If there is doubt, raise the question directly.
There is an excellent FAQ on CUNY’s website. It can be found at https://www.cuny.edu/coronavirus/credit-no-credit-policy/faq/. In particular, it lets you explore the implications for financial aid. It is being revised to cover issues related to the current semester, but will be updated well before you need to make your decision. Links to important information will also be posted on the City Tech Registrar’s CR/NC page, found at https://www.citytech.cuny.edu/registrar/credit-no-credit-policy.aspx .
When should you consider NOT taking the CR/NC grade option?
In any of the following scenarios or a combination of these, you should speak with your advisor and strongly consider not declaring the option:
- Graduating students with GPA below 2.0: If your major GPA and/or cumulative GPA is currently below 2.0, and you are hoping to graduate this Spring, converting a letter grade of C or better may not be a good option for you. Any letter grade of C or above will move your GPA closer to 2.0. You need a GPA of 2.0 or higher to receive your degree. Converting a letter grade of D to CR will remove the option to repeat the course for a higher grade, which you might need to raise your GPA over 2.0. It is crucial you talk to an advisor before making a final decision.
- Considering Post-Graduate Programs: If you intend to apply to a graduate program, for a scholarship, or to any program outside of CUNY that has requirements for minimum passing grades, you may want to think carefully about the CR/NC option. An entity outside of CUNY, such as a professional licensing body, a private scholarship organization, or a graduate program outside of CUNY, may not accept a grade of “CR.”
- Veteran Students Using the GI Bill:The University Director of Veterans Services, Lisa Beatha, has notified the colleges that veterans who choose this option may owe a debt to the VA. Students are strongly advised to contact the campus Veterans Certifying Official prior to declaring the CR/NC option. At City Tech, our certifying officials are Jennifer Kearney jkearney@citytech.cuny.edu & Kwesi Reid kreid@citytech.cuny.edu
- Students intending to enter a clinical health program or teacher education program: The highly competitive admission requirements to the clinical programs include a C or higher in many general education programs, such as BIO, MAT, PSY, and others. They may not accept a CR rather than a grade for those courses.
Some Financial Aid considerations
Federal Student Aid: Students who receive federal aid are required to successfully complete courses within a specified period of time, with a determined GPA and at a pace based on the length of their academic program, known as Satisfactory Academic Progress (SAP). The federal CARES Act allows for a college to exclude any attempted credits that you did not complete, for class meeting dates that include December 31, 2020 or the end date for the Federally-declared emergency from SAP calculation, because of COVID-19. You will not need to submit an appeal for the exception.
State Student Aid: Higher Education Services Corporation (HESC), New York State’s higher education student financial aid agency, has determined that students certified by the college as impacted by COVID-19 and receiving state financial aid will not suffer negative consequences regarding their current or future awards. You will be required to submit the CUNY COVID-19 Financial Aid Documentation form to the college where you are enrolled as supporting documentation. You will be notified when that form is available for the fall semester.
Generally, when in doubt, it is best to GET ADVICE! You can contact your academic advisor or email any additional questions you may have to creditnocredit@citytech.cuny.edu and we will do our best to help provide you with clear answers.
Again, CUNY has created a comprehensive FAQ. You can access it by clicking here.
Keep in mind that the decisions are yours. In most cases it will be clear what is your best choice. Where that is not the case, City Tech is here to help.
GENERAL COURSE RESOURCES
- CLASS EMAIL ADDRESS LIST! Please contact each other!
- ZOOM LINK! for all classes and office hours: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/81380874817 (Meeting ID 813 8087 4817)
- UPDATED COMBINED SYLLABUS! for LAW 1101 & 1103 (revised 08.31.20)
- CPLR! (New York Civil Practice Law and Rules) (NYS Legislature website — choose “CVP”)
- Academic Integrity policies! City Tech and CUNY
- “How to Post and Reply” instructions!
ADVISEMENT & REGISTRATION RESOURCES
- NEW!! How to find Winter classes!
- List of Law & Paralegal Studies department faculty advisers
- Law & Paralegal Studies Degree Checklist (in College Catalog–go to pp. 188-189, plus LOTS of other useful info on pp. 186-192!)
- List of General Education (“Gen Ed”) Required Common Core course options
- DegreeWorks (to see your progress toward your degree — here’s guidance for using it!)
- Schedule of classes (to find out what classes are available next semester & when they take place)
- CUNYfirst (to register for courses)
- City Tech’s Financial Aid Office website (LOTS of helpful, important info including how to contact them with questions)
- City Tech’s “Academic Advising” page (LOTS of helpful links & info!)
- “The Companion” for First-Year Students (especially pp. 69-72 on advisement and registration, but LOTS of useful info and activities throughout!)
COURT SYSTEM MATERIALS (charts, maps, etc.)
- Federal court system charts: C&W chart and color chart
- Federal court system map of districts and circuits
- New York court system chart(C&W)
- Lists of departments & counties (C&W)
- New York court system map of counties and departments
- “Introductory Guide to NYS Courts” (handy government publication that briefly explains all the courts)
DAILY CLASS NOTES & MATERIALS
Mon. Dec. 14 (Intro class 29):
Fri. Dec. 11 (Civ Pro class 15): FINAL EXAM! No notes or materials.
Wed. Dec. 9 (Intro class 28):
- Today’s class notes
Mon. Dec. 7 (Intro class 27):
- Today’s class notes
- Press releases on AUSA Alicia Washington’s cases: (1) drugs in puppies; (2) NYC Correction Officers charged with bribery; (3) Guyanese defendant facing US drug charges
- info on the US Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of New York
Fri. Dec. 4 (Civ Pro class 14):
- Today’s class notes
- Court observation assignment! (for 1101 – Intro)
- Bio and contact info for our guest speaker, paralegal-turned-attorney Matt Vaccaro!
Wed. Dec. 2 (Intro class 26): Legal research and analysis!
- Today’s class notes
- examples of slip opinions: U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit rejecting the Trump campaign’s challenges to Pennsylvania’s election results, and US Supreme Court’s decision rejecting Gov. Cuomo’s restrictions on religious services
- example of a unanimous opinion: U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit rejecting the Trump campaign’s challenges to Pennsylvania’s election results
- example of majority opinion, plus two concurring opinions, plus three dissenting opinions–all in one case! US Supreme Court’s decision rejecting Gov. Cuomo’s restrictions on religious services
Mon. Nov. 30 (Intro class 25): CANCELLED! due to technical difficulties. 🙁
Mon. Nov. 23 (Intro class 24): Legal writing continued: peer review draft demand letters, other forms of legal writing!
- Today’s class notes
- Demand letter assignment (including sample letter from M&M)
- Former students’ sample demand letters! Here’s one and here’s another.
Fri. Nov. 20 (Civ Pro class 12): Finalizing the summons & complaint; gaining personal jurisdiction–service of papers!
- Today’s class notes
- Instructions on how to find Winter classes!
- Summons & Complaint assignment! Reread it as you finalize!!
- Templates in Word format—you are responsible for completing them correctly! Summons, Complaint, Verification
- Sample summonses and complaints that you might find helpful: Pedro’s v. Consumer (verified); Crum v. City of New York (verified); CUH2A v. Pepsico
- Sample proofs of service (Rubins)
Wed. Nov. 18 (Intro class 23): Legal writing continued: Demand letter assignment, legal correspondence, other forms of legal writing!
- Today’s class notes
- Demand letter assignment (including sample letter from M&M)
- Sample demand letters by former students! Here’s one and here’s another.
- Legal correspondence samples from M&M
Mon. Nov. 16 (Intro class 22): FYLC Collab. Assmt. #3, intro to legal writing!
- Today’s class notes
- K. Stedman’s article, “Annoying Ways People Use Sources“
- FYLC Collaborative Assignment #3
- Sample legal memorandum (by a former student!)
Fri. Nov. 13 (Civ Pro class 11): Preparing our summons & complaint; venue; quiz #3!
- Today’s class notes (includes answers to homework due today: questions 1-4 in Summons & Complaint assignment!)
- C&W Forms that you should follow for our assignment: Form B (summons), Forms F & G (complaint–your choice!), Form O (verification)
- Sample summonses and complaints that you might find helpful: Pedro’s v. Consumer (verified); Crum v. City of New York (verified); CUH2A v. Pepsico
- Templates you may want to follow for our assignment: here they are in pdf format (Summons; Complaint; Verification) and here they are in Word format (Summons, Complaint, Verification)–you are responsible for completing them correctly!
Wed. Nov. 11 (Intro class 21): Ethics & Professional Responsibility; Quiz #3!
- Today’s class notes
- NFPA Model Code of Ethics and Professional Responsibility (paralegal ethical guidelines)
- NALA Code of Professional Responsibility (paralegal ethical guidelines)
- NY Rules of Professional Conduct (ethical rules governing attorneys in NYS–force of LAW!)
Mon. Nov. 9 (Intro class 20): Ethics & Professional Responsibility!
- Today’s class notes
- NY Rules of Professional Conduct (ethical rules governing attorneys in NYS–force of LAW!)
- Sussman v. Grado case (NY paralegal committing UPL)
- NALA Code of Professional Responsibility (paralegal ethical guidelines)
- NFPA Model Code of Ethics and Professional Responsibility (paralegal ethical guidelines)
Fri. Nov. 6 (Civ Pro class 10): Summons & complaint assignment; commencing the action
- Today’s class notes
- Summons & complaint assignment
- CUH2A v. Pepsico summons & complaint
- Konig summons with notice
Wed. Nov. 4 (Intro class 19): Election review, advisement & registration procedures!
- Today’s class notes
- See “Advisement & Registration Resources” above! We looked at most of them.
Mon. Nov. 2 (Intro class 18 BUT we covered Civ Pro material!): Statutes of limitations (finish from Friday’s Civ Pro class)
- Today’s class notes
- CPLR Article 2 (Limitations of Time) — choose “CVP” then “Article 2”
Fri. Oct. 30 (Civ Pro class 9): Academic integrity, causes of action and remedies, statutes of limitations!
- Today’s class notes
- Combined course syllabus–see Academic Integrity policy on p. 8!
- Article about nominal damages (USFL v. NFL case!)
Mon. Oct. 26 (Intro class 16): Midsemester status, FYLC Collaborative Assignment #2, Sources of law continued!
- Today’s class notes
- FYLC Collaborative Assignment #2 (legal source relating to English Unit 2)
- Coughlin’s law journal article about why ATM fees should be banned! Just fyi–as an example of a law journal article (secondary source), and in case you are interested in reading it! NOT required.
Wed. Oct. 21 (Intro class 15) and Fri. Oct. 23 (Civ Pro class 8): MIDTERM EXAMS! No class meetings.
Mon. Oct. 19 (Intro class 14): Midterm exam review, sources of law! (M&M ch. 5)
- Today’s class notes
- Study suggestions for midterm exams: Intro (1101–Wednesday) and Civ Pro (1103–Friday)
Fri. Oct. 16 (Civ Pro class 7): Parties and their claims (C&W ch. 4); quiz # 2 (jurisdictional bases, C&W ch. 3)
- Today’s class notes
- CPLR sec. 3019 (counterclaims and cross-claims) **That is link to whole NYS statutes page–choose CVP (Civil Procedure Law and Rules), then Article 30, then Section 3019!
Wed. Oct. 14 (Intro class 13): Finishing workings of a law office (financial procedures); quiz # 2 (career opportunities, workings of a law office)
- Today’s class notes
- Retainer agreements: Spellman and Sanders firms
- Sample bill: Destribats firm
- Sample bill: Szaferman firm (bill starts p.7, after the motion for counsel fees–we did not look at in class but it’s another useful example!)
Fri. Oct. 9 (Civ Pro class 6): Follow-up on intro to CPLR and long arm jurx including Leuthner case!
- Today’s class notes
- Link to CPLR (New York Civil Practice Law and Rules) (NYS Legislature website — choose “CVP”)
- CPLR sec. 302(a) (NY’s Long Arm Statute)–Coughlin’s typed version!
- Leuthner v. Homewood Suites case (on NY long arm jurisdiction)
Wed. Oct. 7 (Intro class 12): Workings of a law office!
- Today’s class notes
- Legal news response — optional extra credit opportunity!
- Timekeeping assignment due Fri. Oct. 9!
- Retainer agreements: Spellman and Sanders firms
- Sample bill: Destribats firm
Mon. Oct. 5 (Intro class 11 but we’re doing Civ Pro work!): Jurisdictional bases cont’d–personal jurisdiction and NY’s Long Arm Statute!
- Today’s class notes (includes ANSWER KEY to CPLR sec. 302(a) examples!)
- Link to CPLR (New York Civil Practice Law and Rules) (NYS Legislature website — choose “CVP”)
- CPLR sec. 302(a) (NY’s Long Arm Statute)–Coughlin’s typed version!
- Leuthner v. Homewood Suites case–addresses sec. 302(a), to read for Friday’s Civ Pro class!
Fri. Oct. 2 (Civ Pro class 5): Jurisdictional bases, intro to CPLR!
- Today’s class notes
- Answer key to C&W p. 38 DYGI? questions (review of NY courts’ jurisdiction)
- NYS court system chart
- CPLR (New York Civil Practice Law and Rules) (NYS Legislature website — choose “CVP”)
Wed. Sept. 30 (Intro class 10): Peer review draft cover letters & resumes!
- Today’s class notes
- Your classmates’ cover letters we peer-reviewed (none are perfect! but interesting ideas and variety) Carlos Candidate, Carol Candidate
- Sample cover letters you may want to emulate: Y. Suarez, M. Mouse, S. Kyle, O. Abdussalaam
Tues. Sept. 29 (Intro class 9): Peer review draft resumes; how to write a cover letter!
- Today’s class notes
- Your classmates’ resumes we peer-reviewed (none are perfect! but good variety): Studious Student and Smart Student
- Carlos Candidate and Carol CandidateSmart Student
- Sample cover letters you may want to emulate: Y. Suarez, S. Kyle, O. Abdussalaam
Fri. Sept. 25 (Civ Pro class 4): Review court systems; types of jurisdiction; quiz #1
- Today’s class notes
- FYLC “Our Stories” assignment (optional, for extra credit, due Fri. Oct. 2–see “Assignments” tab for details
- NYS court system review (answer key to homework exercise)
Wed. Sept. 23 (Intro class 8): Resume & Cover Letter assignment; how to write a resume!
- Today’s class notes
- NYT article about Manhattan DA investigating Trump for tax fraud
- Resume & Cover Letter assignment
- Y. Suarez resume
- D. Duck resume
- M. Mouse resume
- C. Kent resume
Mon. Sept. 21 (Intro class 7): Quiz #1; Where paralegals work; Resume & Cover Letter assignment
- Today’s class notes
- Alston & Bird website — multinational law firm that specializes in corporate law, that Ninmah addressed
- Law offices of Frederick Brewington, Black-owned civil rights law firm that Sherona addressed
- District Attorney’s Offices: Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, Bronx, Staten Island
- Legal Aid Society website (legal assistance for low-income clients)
- Websites of American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and National Association for the Advancement of Colored Persons (NAACP) (public interest advocacy organizations)
- Resume & Cover Letter assignment
Wed. Sept. 16 (Intro class 6): Peer Mentor, court systems cont’d!!
- Today’s class notes — including outline of NYS Court System again! (will be on Civ Pro quiz #1)
- Federal court system charts: C&W chart and color chart
- Federal court system map of districts and circuits
- New York court system chart with lists of departments & counties (C&W)
- New York court system map of counties and departments
- “Introductory Guide to NYS Courts” (handy government publication that briefly explains all the courts)
Mon. Sept. 14 (Intro class 5): Court systems cont’d!!
- Today’s class notes — including outline of NYS Court System! (will be on Civ Pro quiz #1)
- Amy Tan, “Mother Tongue” and FYLC Collaborative Assignment #1
- Statistics on US Supreme Court caseload and other FAQs
- Federal court system charts: C&W chart and color chart
- Federal court system map of districts and circuits
- New York court system chart with lists of departments & counties (C&W)
- New York court system map of counties and departments
Fri. Sept. 11 (Civ Pro class 3): Court systems: Walking tour of NYS and federal courts in downtown Brooklyn! (No Zoom class meeting)
“Virtual” court tour videos! Try to watch in numerical order, they make more sense that way. PLEASE pardon my (lack of) videography skills!!
- NYS Supreme Court, Kings County – Civil
- NYS Surrogate’s Court, Kings County
- NYS Family Court & Supreme Court-Criminal, Kings County
- NYS Supreme Court Appellate Division – 2d Department
- US Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of NY
- US District Court for the Eastern District of NY
Wed. Sept. 9 (Intro class 4): Court systems! cont’d from Civ Pro
- Today’s class notes!
- Generic court structure chart (3 levels)
- Federal court system charts: C&W chart and color chart
- Federal court system map of districts and circuits
- New York court system charts: C&W (just civil, with lists of departments & counties) and NY Courts website (civil & criminal)
- New York court system map of counties and departments
Fri. Sept. 4 (Civ Pro class 2): finish paralegal certification; start court systems!
- Today’s class notes!
- Our department’s orientation website with Abigail’s contact info and lots of other helpful stuff!
- Article about Eric Garner‘s family’s civil wrongful death lawsuit against NYC after he was killed in 2014 police brutality incident–relates to Sept. 2 class discussion of how same act can be basis of criminal and civil case.
- Websites of national paralegal organizations: National Association of Legal Assistants (NALA, nala.org), National Federation of Paralegal Associations (NFPA, paralegals.org)
- 3 branches of government diagram
- Generic court structure chart (3 levels)
Wed. Sept. 2 (Intro class 3): Finish civil/criminal law; paralegal roles & skills
- Today’s class notes!
Mon. Aug. 31 (Intro class 2): Updated syllabus, Law in Culture review assignment; Civil vs. Criminal Law
- Today’s class notes!
- UPDATED syllabus for LAW 1101 & 1103!
- “Law in Culture” review assignment! (f/k/a “book review”)
Fri. Aug. 28 (LAW 1103 Civ Pro class 1): Course introduction!
- Today’s class notes!
- Combined syllabus for LAW 1101 & 1103!!
Wed. Aug. 26 (LAW 1101 Intro class 1): Course introduction!
- Today’s class notes!
- Combined syllabus for LAW 1101 & 1103!!