Lenina’s insecurities

In these few chapters we read this week, it’s been overwhelmingly focused on Bernard and his rapid rise and fall from power, that we may overlook another character’s plight in these chapters. Lenina is extremely insecure and sad and dare I say not the happy go lucky soma can cure everything well conditioned model citizen that she has been portrayed to be in earlier chapters and I find it quite interesting.

After returning from the savage reservation she, along as Bernard becomes a celebrity of sorts. She’s been “had: by a number of important people The Resident world Controller’s second security, the Ford Chief Justice and the Deputy-Governor of the bank of Europe just to name a few. I would suspect that is very good company to be in, being that she is a Beta. A lot of people know who she is and her popularity has increased a great deal. “Lenina was lucky……..lucky in reflecting from her insignificant person the moment’s supremely fashionably glory………. Had she not already appeared in the Freelytone News- visibly, audibly, and tactually appeared to countless millions all over the planet?” ( Huxley page 152).

Even with all her new found celebrity and higher social standing, she is I believed deeply saddened because the Savage, John, rejects her. She’s used to being had by most guys, even Bernard had her, but John wont touch her. She has been in his company several times and been on a number of dates with her, but he won’t have her, he wont touch or at times even look at her. On page 152 she even states that he even goes as far as leaving the room when she walks in. I think his actions towards her are not only confusing but I think it’s really screwing with her psyche. She’s not emotionally equipped to handle the rejection.

Growing up through adolescence and early adulthood we learn through life lessons, the pain and struggles of heart ache and rejection. The sadness of having your crush be with someone else, not having a date for the dance, or even worse having your first love break your heart into a million pieces and thinking you’ll never get over it, but eventually we all do. Lenina never went through these trials and tribulations of romance, and she was conditioned and programmed to believe everyone belongs to everyone. This rejection is new to her and she doesn’t know how to handle it.

In chapter 12 Bernard throws a party and John refuses to attend and Lenina assumes it’s because of her. “‘Perhaps it’s because he doesn’t like me,’ she said to herself. And at once this possibility became an established certainty: John had refused to come because he didn’t like her. He didn’t like her” ( Huxley page 160). That is some deep, misguided, depressive thinking! I think she is so used to popping soma to not feel bad, that she doesn’t know to process her emotions and she is reaching to the most outlandish and far out conclusion about the situation, because as we read early one John not coming to the party has nothing to do with her. As we read later on the chapter she is so distraught she seems out of it, that she unwillingly and almost mechanically leaves the party with the Community- Songster. This is such a big deal, that this very important person wants her, but she is so distraught and so overcome with melancholy that she doesn’t recognize the importance of this invitation. She even in a sense drags her feet and is slow in coming with him to the lift gates. She even stares at the moon, which in earlier chapters  she refused to do and annoyed when Bernard wanted to do the same activity with her when they were alone in the helicopter.

The dynamic in Chapter 13 between John and Lenina is also very, very interesting and it’s the climax I feel between their relationship and I can write a whole blog just on that, so I will end my blog and with only commenting on the earlier chapters. I can’t wait to read the following chapters and see what happens next.

 

 

Berand conflicts.

In this part of the story all the characters seem to be experiencing different kinds. One way or another they have  conflicts with each other ( man vs man ), with themselves (man vs self) , and with World State ( Man vs self). Bernard is the protagonist who seems to experience all three kinds of conflict, but most important it seems that he has been the trigger to all the other conflicts too. Bernard’s different way of thinking and feeling makes him the outcast. He seems to want things or choose things no body else in World State want, like being able to feel independent. Bernard can be seem as the rebel of the story. Once he meets John he find his perfect opportunity to change things for himself. I believe that Bernard probably thinks t

Bernard’s Rise and Destruction

These next few chapters are pretty ironic , or at least that’s how I see.Chapter 10 starts off with the humiliation of the Director.Bernard uses Linda and John as leverage over his imminent exile to Iceland.He shows to everyone in the fertilization center that the highly respectable Director shows love and affection to one person and even had a “Child” and made Linda the “mother” of John. I feel that since the realization of Linda being that long lost woman that the Director went with to the savage reservation Bernard used it as revenge. I believe Bernard might have planned it from the very start.

“for the first time in his life , treated not merely normally ,but as a person of outstanding importance.” pg 144 – third paragraph.Bernard feels important again in his caste ( society in general ). There were no more rumors being spoken about alcohol being added to his test tube or the fact that he is smaller and uncomparable to the other Alphas. Moreover people became friendlier to him and people seeked him out. Those who despised him and disliked him became his good friends. He was praised from high figures in the World State such as the Chief Bottler , the Director of Predestination and Deputy Assistant Fertolizer-Generals. He began to meet more women , ” and i had six girls last week” he states on pg 145.His self esteem was reborn anew .This is ironic because we all knew him as the individual who wanted nothing to do with others. He disliked taking soma and participating in events with others , for example wanting going out on a date with Lenina walking alone with her at a park.But his self glory of bringing a savage (John) over to be studied by the World State has gotten the best of him. His best friend Helmholtz did not care at all about his glory.I find this ironically amusing to see him become what he hated the most.

In between this Bernard wrote a report to Mustafa Mond . He writes to Mond agreeing with John that civilized infantility is too easy , or not expensive enough. Mond becomes enraged and then laughs , if anyone understood what happened here please do explain.

Now we reach the total destruction of Bernard Marx. He promises to everyone to attend his party and they get to meet John. John is , from what I believe , disgusted and angry with Bernard. It seems that John has caught on that Bernard might not have any interest in him as a friend but as a tool to impress others.Bernard wails and pleads to John to come out and meet his guests.After futile attempts Bernard gives the bad news to the guest of John’s attendance.His guests become enraged and feel they have been lied to all along . Bernard’s standing in his caste and society has now crumbled to nothing , back to the same state he was in the beginning of the book.He tries to apologize but no one listens.i believe he always wanted to be liked by his fellow caste members. The reason why he felt so different or why he did things differently was because of the constant mockery that the other Alpha’s ensued on him.I kind of felt bad for Bernard all he wanted was to fit in with the rest of the caste.I can’t wait to see what becomes of Bernard after this event.

The Behavior Change of Bernard and the Misdirection of Love

Chapters 10-13 was fascinating stuff to read and visualize the scenes that were unraveling right in front me. The battle between ego, love, disconnect completely collide between Bernard’s new found meaning of life, Lenina’s lovestruck with John, and John’s discovery of how cruel and backstabbing this “perfect” civilization is. The first thing I want to talk about in my blog is the “new” Bernard and how much he’s changed from the beginning of the book. I really enjoyed how Bernard was able to throw the Director’s own history with love right back in his face and made him quit and disappear. That was freaking cool how he had Linda and John waiting behind him at the moments notice when the Director tried to put Bernard on the spot in front of everyone in the lab. I could just visualize the look of horror on the face of the Director when Linda steps in, not to mention John who calls him out to be his father in front of everyone!

Talk about not practicing what you preach. After this whole scene, Bernard goes through a major behavior change in his mood and his overall look on life.

“And I had six girls last week,” he confided to Helmholtz Watson. “One on Monday, two on Tuesday, two more on Friday, and one on Saturday. And if I’d had the time or the inclination, there were at least a dozen more who were only too anxious…”. (Huxley 145)

Bernard becomes someone of importance to everyone and the women are crawling at his feet. While Bernard getting the last laugh against the Director was cool and all, my opinion on Bernard really started to take a turn after it. He starts becoming egotistical and is so enthralled by all this attention he’s getting that his philosophy from earlier chapters is now completely gone. The “I wish were free” Bernard looks to be long gone. During this, he manages to lose a friend in Helmholtz and manages to piss off Mustapha Mond with his letter to him about John. His ignorance during the scene where he’s showing John one of the labs with Miss Keate, but was more interested in getting personal with Miss Keate than spending any time with John. I couldn’t believe how arrogant, and egotistical Bernard had become and how he’s treated John after he essentially saved him from being transferred to Iceland and publicly embarrassed in front of his peers/or brothers. Throughout this whole change of character for Bernard, the book also focuses on how Lenina has been dealing with her love life after Bernard has basically become “the man” to everyone else. This once shy, emotionless guy is no more and Lenina is struggling with her own problems.

She becomes incredibly in love with John (the salvage). It’s interesting to read how contrast their personalities are, but yet how curious they both are to experience one another. Lenina, this civilized woman who goes on a date with John the salvage, how exactly can this relationship work? On page 152, Lenina confesses her love for John to Fanny. It’s the first time where I can see how different Bernard and John’s relationships with Lenina are. Bernard with Lenina was mostly bored, soulless, and ready to move on. While John is described to have actually puppy love feelings for Lenina, something he may not have experienced while living as a salvage. Lenina may have something really special with John, but she’s in the mind state that all men are alike because they all want sex on the first night, and when she comes to realize that this “fact” isn’t entirely true, everything completely backfires on her. John isn’t like other guys she’s been with, mostly Bernard, he becomes offended after a date and leaves her hanging on the top of the roof of her apartment building, an awful familiar place for Lenina. Heartbroken, pale faced, and confused, she’s right back where she’s started and Bernard is in a much happier, sexually active place now. The tides have been turned!

Bernard’s Other Half

Reading these chapters this story got really interesting. In these chapters there’s many characters involve, such as Bernard, the director, Linda, John, Lenina, Helmholtz. Through the three chapters they go back and forth with all of them. Several things occurred. The director’s leaving, Bernard’s change in society and with himself, Lenina felling rejected by John, and it’s crazy I but Linda appears in the beginning of chapter 10 and chapter 12 ends with her, she also was having conflicts, but it wasn’t with someone but a thing. Soma.

As soon as Chapter 10 starts , we discover the director was going to send Bernard to Iceland , and to make an example out of him, he was going to do it in front of a crowd. But the predator quickly became the pray when the Director asked : “can you show any reason why I should not now execute the judgement passed upon you? (Huxley, 139)” when the director said that, that was when he future was written down, because then  Bernard came in with a woman and he said “There he is’, pointing at the Director. ‘Did you think I didn’t recognize him?’ Linda asked indignantly; then, turning to the director, ‘of course I knew you; Tomakin,’ (Huxley, 139)” And everyone was disturbed to see the appearance the woman had, that was walking in. And of course this woman was no other than the Woman that the director had left back in the Savage reservation and he had thought he had lost her there. And what was more shocking was He left her pregnant. And right away John comes in and kneels to the director/his father and cried out Father! Everyone burst in laughter if course because the action John took to the director. After this, there was no way the director could remain in charge so he renounced at his place. And it seemed like Bernard was able to stay.

Bernard bringing John to The world state bought popularity to him making him change he was of being. Bernard had gotten the attention of so many. He was finally getting accepted into society. “Bernard now found himself for the first time in his life, treated not merely normally, but as a person of outstanding importance. There was no more talk of alcohol in his blood..(Huxley, 144) ” Everyone wanted to be with him, he was started to spark interest in a Chief , a Director and other important people. We then notice he started to change drastically, he wasn’t the same person we had seen at the beginning. The popularity and the attention was changing him. He started to talk to his very close friend Helmholtz about his sex life, and how it changed and he was having so many girls come up to him. Helmholtz of course wasn’t amused to hear this, and Bernard noticed it and just thought he was Jealous of the many girls he was getting. “Helmholtz shook his head. ‘I’m rather sad, that’s all.’ He answered. (Huxley ,145)” Helmholtz had a point in being like that, Bernard wasn’t the same after the trip he had taken. Instead noticing he was wrong (Bernard) he just walked away and said “never would he speak to Helmholtz. (Huxley, 145)” I felt as if that was the moment in which Bernard embraced this side of him.

We later find out in chapter 13 that Lenina is another character going through some changes as well. In this cheater they mostly focus on her and her feelings and her thoughts of John. And she admits she can’t let him go.  In chapter 11 she took him on a taxi ride in a helicopter, which is called a taxicopter while being there they watched this movie and John didn’t like it one bit. After getting to Lenina’s house, Lenina expected John to go into her room and have sex with her, but she was shocked to get the total opposite. John left in the helicopter leaving her Alone. After this , it left her obsessed with him , and she wanting to be with him was even more now. She explained this to her friend Fanny and she said : “well. You must persevere,(Huxley, 171)” she later also said “Nothing can be achieved without perseverance. (Huxley, 171)” Basically telling her to not give up on him, to go and get what she wants. She tries to seduce him, but he doesn’t want that, he loves her but he doesn’t just want to sleep with her. He wants there to be a relationship between them. Marriage. When he tried to explain it to Lenina she of course freaked out and said what a horrible idea that was. He tried to explain Marriage, he said : “For always. They make a promise to live together for always…….it’s like that in Shakespeare too. ‘If thou dost break her virgin knot before all sanctimonious ceremonies may with full and holy rite……’ (Huxley, 174)” He even bought up Shakespeare to her, even though she wasn’t going to understand it,mi felt as if he wanted to let out what he felt. The Shakespeare book has a lot of meaning for the savage or John. I feel as if its a guide for him, he wants what the characters in the book feel , the emotions they feel, Love. But even after this whole explanation he gave her, she just wanted to be with him in that moment . And John really didn’t like that, he started calling her a whore, and started getting really violent with her and threaten her , he would kill her. She was trembling of the way he was acting, she locked herself in the bathroom and wanted to wait until he left, and for some weird reason he left unexpectedly.

Linda was a victim of of mescal and Soma. These two things are similar in so many ways and we noticed that since chapter 7 , she couldn’t live without soma and so when she was stuck at the savage reservation she looked for something similar to Soma and she found Mescal. Her daily routine was to drink mescal. And now that she returned “home” to the world state, she demanded soma! As the book said “Greedily she clamoured for ever larger, evermore frequent doses. (Huxley 143)” She missed it a lot , and that wasn’t a good thing. “The return to civilization was for her the return to soma,(Huxley, 142)” she only had eyes for soma. But there was a problem, the doctor started explaining to Bernard what was happening to Linda: “One day the respiratory centre will be paralyzed. No more breathing. Finished. (Huxley, 143) ” She is going to die soon. Going back to the situation with Lenina and John in the room, right when John was really furious at Lenina, the reason why he left unexpectedly was because he received a call and it was concerning His Mother.

A New Bernard

Chapter ten opens with the Director speaking about Bernard. The Director says “the greater a man’s talents, the greater his power to lead astray. It is better that one should suffer than that many should be corrupted” (pg 137) I took this as the Director feeling very threatened by Bernard and how he is different from the World State. I think what the Director meant by “the greater his power to lead astray” is that because Bernard is different and he’s not trying to be the same as everyone else, he will try to influence others on having a different life, outside the World State. We as readers know what Bernard feels about the caste systems, promiscuity, personal relationships and family. I think that the Director is scared Bernard will try to convince people to join with him and rebel against the World State.

These concepts of family and personal relationships, which are something very normal to have in real life, is actually forbidden in the World State. There is no such thing as “family” because there is no natural birth, but the Bokanovsky process. Promiscuity is what should go on in this society, I think this is so people don’t start having feelings for one another. What I took from the Director saying “It is better that one should suffer than that many should be corrupted” (pg 137) is that its the right thing to do to send Bernard away to Iceland, so he will be gone from the World State. I think what the Director meant by “corrupted” is that because Bernard is a smart person he may have an influence on others on disagreeing with how the World State is “operated” and if people start seeing that, they will corrupt the World State and want to change it.

Continuing reading chapter ten, Bernard gets back from his “holiday” and meets with the Director and many other people in the World State. Bernard brings Linda and John with him. I think this was to try and sabotage the Director for sending him away. Linda walks through the door and everyone in the room was horrified, they couldn’t believe what they were seeing. Linda starts calling the Director by his real name Tomakin, she says that he made her have a baby! (pg 140) The Director automatically starts making it like Linda is crazy and denies everything because he is in front of all the people of the World State. John then walks in and yells “My Father” (pg 140) This revealed that even the Director of the World State, doesn’t follow the rules, he fathered a child, without Bokanovsky process. This really showed the inconsistencies and the conflicts of the World State. Bernard is standing up for himself and I feel that it’s his own personal payback when he brings Linda and John to the Director.

After reading chapter eleven, I found many aspects interesting. On page 148 Bernard writes about John “The Savage”, Bernard writes about how John doesn’t want to take soma, and he writes about Linda, John’s mother. What I found interesting was that Bernard doesn’t even write out the word mom, but he writes m – -. This concept of family is still so foreign to Bernard, but he did imagine what life would be like having a real family in previous chapters.

Another thing that interested me was when Dr. Gaffney, Miss Keate and The Provost were all giving John “the Savage” a tour of Lupton’s Tower and the school. While walking by the school library, John asks if the students read Shakespeare and quickly the Head Mistress answers with “certainly not” while blushing. (pg 150) Dr. Gaffney says the library “contains only books of reference. If our young people need distraction, they can get it at the feelies. We don’t encourage them to indulge in any solitary amusements.” (pg 150) In the real world Shakespeare is highly read and a very popular writer, and when John asks about Shakespeare the others act like Shakespeare doesn’t even exist.

What I got from this weeks reading is that Bernard’s character is changing.  He is starting to associate with others, but he did say he liked being alone.  He is becoming popular with the people around him. I also saw that Lenina is changing and she says “because you see, Fanny, I like him” (pg 153) Before Fanny was always following what she was supposed to do in the World State, not wanting to be different like Bernard.

 

 

Bernard’s Intoxication of Success

While reading chapters 10-13 I noticed a whole new side to Bernard. In the earlier chapters I never questioned his authenticity until now. Before he would not take soma or undergo social activities and would spend time alone “I’d rather be myself, he said. Myself and nasty. Not somebody else, however jolly” (Huxley 89) yet now we see him taking soma to detach himself from facing issues and emotions “he thought better of it and took four tablets of soma” (Huxley 161).

Our first interaction with the new Bernard is found in chapter 10 in which the Director tries to humiliate and transfer Bernard to Iceland yet Bernard stands up to him and flips the coin around. He ended up “humiliating” and causing the Director to quit his job due to news of him fathering a child in the Savage Reservoir. At this point we start to see an emotionally stronger, standing up for himself while also having the spotlight on him “Yes, I can. Bernard answered in a very loud voice” (Huxley 139).

I began to notice a whole new Bernard once chapter 11 began, it was a Bernard which was popular and talked about in a good way throughout the place as if he had made a great discovery. At this point he began to live off the hype of bringing John and Linda to the World State and began to live a celebrity life while partaking at the normal/usual male activities done in the society. Before he was rarely sleeping around with various women, yet now he has a women for each night of the week “And I had six girls last week, he confided to Helmholtz Watson” (Huxley 145). By Bernard having John’s custody and presenting him to important people and places in the World State; Bernard has gain huge popularity and is considered important, he no longer seen as an outcast and he himself shows us that his sense of ego has increased “Bernard now found himself, for the first time in his life, treated not merely normally, but as a person of outstanding importance” (Huxley 144). This was the point in which I knew Bernard’s authenticity is questioned and how he always had this need of trying to fit in with society’s standards. Other characters also began to “respect and admire” Bernard, such as Fanny. Early in the story Fanny and other characters felt pity and found him queer yet now he is portrayed as sweet, desired and intelligent. This was Bernard’s king of the hill moment he had everything he could want, all thanks to John and Linda. Bernard became a character who thrived off John’s and Linda’s existence, and this I found very immoral.

The most surprising part from the reading was to find out John not going to the party to be introduced to the important people in society, the elites such as the Arch-Community-Songster. This caused the party to fall apart and the invited people to once again begin to degrade Bernard once again. Bernard was desperate and foresaw all of his popularity, social status and thrives slipping through his fingers “The intoxication of success had evaporated” (Huxley 163). At this point we officially see Bernard’s internal need of being recognized. This internal conflict which he had faced is now superficial and shown to us to place Bernard back to outcast character which was presented in the beginning. This is also observed when he wakes up from taking soma and John is happy to see him back at his humble sense of being “You’re more like what you were at Malpais” (Huxley 163), even Helmholtz is somewhat happy to have his old friend back. Yet Bernard is not happy about looking his luscious life. These couple of chapters are a roller coaster ride for Bernard’s character, and looking forward to what will happen in the following chapters.

Brave New Bernard !!

As i continued reading Brave New World ,  Bernard character fascinate me even more . For the reason that he returns back with one goal and that was to keep his job and stay in the world state. In Chapter 10 Bernard arrives back to the Hatchery and stands up to the Director. The Director in had other plans. he discussed to Henry that he wanted to humiliate Bernard in front of every one and make an example out of him , The part i enjoy reading was when the Director calls for every ones attention and puts Bernard on the spotlight. The Director lets Bernard give one reason why showed he be allowed to stay and thats when Bernard first bring out Linda ” Those undistorted faces, a strange and terrifying monster of middle-agedness, Linda advanced into the room” Pg 138 Linda Explains to everyone that The Director made her have a baby in which John Walks in , and drops down on his knees in front of the Director and tells him my father . The Director shocked and embarrassed walks out the room. This shows a lot about Bernard because not only did he stand up to the Director but in front of everyone he also proved that things can change, decision can change, that change is possible in the world state

As i kept on reading i learned that the director had resign immediately after being humiliated by Bernard. But something i was confused about why was the other referring to john as the Savage. Was it because he wasn’t from the World State ? Or because he was the Director son. Everyone wanted to Meet John The Savage Man from the reservation. But no one really seem to care about Linda John’s Mother. “This was by far the strongest reason for people not wanting to see poor Linda, there was here appearance. Fat , having Lost her youth, with bad teeth and a blotched complexion.” Pg 142 Linda felt isolated that she touch as much as twenty grammes of soma a day. She felt like that was the only way she was able to stayed relax and wouldn’t care what any one else thought of her.

i Learned that Lenina has a crush on John she states that she never had sex with a savage man. Confused with her emotions on what she feels for john and being unsure if he likes her too he takes him on a feely. After getting of the taxi Lenina expects john to stay with her but he didn’t want to for the fact that he didn’t want to have sex with her. ” But John .. i thought you were … i mean aren’t you?” Pg 157 Lenina tells john expecting he would stay with her. But he didn’t he went back to his room and read Othello. After Failing to Seduce John the first time she takes soma and looks for john. Turns out after all John feels the same way for Lenina but he didn’t want to tell her for the fact she wouldn’t like the fact of commitment . I think John says this because when Lenina first arrived at the new mexico reservation all she talked about was ford and how people were so pose to do to a certain job. That everyone worked for everyone . and no one belonged to no one . But I’m noticing a change in Lenina she’s catching feelings.

Linda vs soma

These middle chapters are what caught my attention the most because in the beginning I thought the book was rather boring and pointless. Different things caught my attention, how the New World react to Linda and the savage, how would they treat Bernard and Linda for bringing such people into their world, etc.

What I found to be more interesting was how once everyone knew about Linda and her son everyone wanted to only see the savage and not Linda. This bothered me a little more because it wasn’t fair. Through out the whole story being a mom or dad was considered wrong and no such thing was heard of. “Nobody had the smallest desire to see Linda. To say one was a mother-that was a past joke: it was an obscenity”(pg.142). Yes she was a mom but after all she still was one of them but I don’t think anyone in the New World wanted to accept that. “Moreover, she wasn’t a real savage, had been hatched out of a bottle and conditioned like anyone else”(pg142). If I were one of them I would probably have gravitated towards wanting to see her more first only because in a way I might feel more comfortable because she’s the same as I. I say the same in that she was produced the same way, however she did look different, fat, bad skin and no teeth. Maybe trying to understand what happened to her would then ease my curiosity into seeing what the savage was like, but at the same time I can see why everyone wanted to see the savage first, he was totally different from what they were.

It saw in chapter 11 that Linda too had no desire to see anyone, but I think deep down inside it would have made her feel better. She might have been a little jealous of her son I think because of the amount of soma she was taking to escape what was actually going on. “She took as much as twenty grammes a day”(pg143). Maybe she thought after everything she’s been threw she needed that much, since she was deprived of it in her savage life, not realizing taking so much would be a bad thing. She might have thought the risk was worth it because of the way it made her feel. “Which will finish her off in a month or two. One day her respiratory centre will be paralyzed. No more breathing. Finished. And a good thing too, if we could rejuvenate, of course it would be different. But we can’t’(pg143).

Maybe the alphas or who ever was considered important and well educated knew the risks of soma, which is why it’s controlled in a way. People get a certain dosage after work and probably only have a certain amount available outside. I think the doctor knows she can die of an overdose, and thinks it would be a good idea if she did. In a way soma was an anti-aging drug as well, because people thought the way she looked was weird because everyone for the most part looked the same. “No we can’t rejuvenate. But I’m very glad, to have had this opportunity to see an example of senility in a human being”(pg 144).  Thus, the people can be further more conditioned into thinking soma is a good thing.

Complexity in the World State

Chapters 10-13 of Brave New World delve deeper into the complexity of how the World State manipulates its people psychologically and the ways in which those who see past it try to live their lives. Author shows the reader the struggles faced by those who try to resist and the ways that they communicate and form bonds with each other. I think Huxley is illustrating what humans will do in desperation when they feel isolated but have some hope.

The system of manipulation becomes clear when Bernard and the Director have a confrontation in which the Director deliberately denounces him in front of everyone: “ he has proved himself an enemy of Society, a subverter, ladies and gentlemen, of all Order and Stability, a conspirator against Civilization itself”(Huxley, 138).  Bernard, in turn, attempts to do the same to him and somewhat succeeds. Huxley is showing the reader the brilliance of the social control that is the World State. Here is a system where people become experts at self-policing because the fear of public shaming and being outcast from society is unbearable. If people are terrified of being outcast and humiliated, this drastically minimizes the amount of actual force needed to control a society. Here, I think Huxley wants us to think about the ways in which we unconsciously keep ourselves in check to benefit the powerful.

I think chapter eleven shows both compassion and cruelty of this society. When it becomes clear that Linda will die soon if she continues on the soma, society does not try to stop her but assumes that she is a worn out piece of machinery that has had its time and now must die. ” The return to civilization was for her the return to soma, was possibility of lying in bed and taking holiday after holiday, without even having to come back to headache or a fit of vomiting, without even being made to feel as you always felt after peyotl, as thought you’d done something so shamefully anti-social that you could never hold up your head again (Huxley, 142). Linda represents the escape that everyone secretly wants from this society.  In soma, she has escaped and is living out her last days in bliss. The above passage about Linda particularly struck me as ahead of its time. I feel as though the modern widespread use of anti-depressants and prescription painkillers could be understood as an escape from the misery of our highly predictable, controlled world where we can often feel like slaves that have no access to the real truth about life.

Throughout these chapters, Shakespeare references are found everywhere and they are used in a way to show who is really socially conditioned and who is not. Shakespeare verses seem to be recited often in these chapters as a way for John and Lenina to reinforce what they believe “for all the time he was seeing himself as Romeo and Lenina as Juliet (Huxley, 167)”.   Shakespeare is used to show the reader that although Helmholtz may not be completely consumed, he still can’t really think outside of his conditioning and will never really “get it” the way John does. “Why was that old fellow such a marvelous propaganda technician?”(Huxley, 169).  Author may be suggesting here that the artists or at least those who appreciate the arts will always be the ones who see through hierarchies and control.  In summation, chapters 10-13 reveal the design of the World State as a system in which the fear of shaming does most of the work for those in control.