F.T. Marinetti, “Manifesto of Futurism”; Aleksandr Rodchenko, “Who We Are: Manifesto of the Constructivist Group”; and El Lissitzky, “Our Book” are found in our main text Graphic Design Theory: Readings From the Field by Helen Armstrong on pages 19-31. 

Both of this manifesto address authorship in the sense that both manifestos talk about bringing change to the world with their designs. They had different views on the world and wanted to share them with the world but they both agree that through their design they can make an impact in the world. Both manifestos talked about pushing the boundaries in art and design; this would allow designers to create innovative ideas and communicate with the audience better.

The change in technology had a clear impact on design because it gives designers more room to try distinctive design choices and it also gives faster access to the public. Some things that were mentioned in the futurism manifesto that could be considered problematic is in point 9 when F.T Marinetti writes 
“We will glorify war—the world’s only hygiene—militarism, patriotism, the destructive gesture of freedom-bringers…” This could be considered problematic and extreme because war is something that can be traumatic and tragic to many and to say you glorify it can be insensitive to those people. In addition to this in point 10, he says “…destroy the museums, libraries, academies of every kind will fight moralism, feminism, every opportunistic or utilitarian cowardice…” This can be problematic to some because he is talking about things that bring knowledge to people, morality, and feminism and now people would not agree with his thoughts. They can be seen as too extreme. Things that remain relevant are that designers are constantly seeking new ways to express themselves through their designs and trying to get their message across in the most effective way.

Some designers when they try to push boundaries in art or when they make a design on a sensitive topic might receive negative feedback faster than before. This can sometimes be difficult or limiting to some people but there are still designers who are pushing the boundaries of art even with negative feedback. I think that the communication process has changed since the 20th century because technology has changed so much that people are able to reach their audience faster and they have easier access to talk about what they think about work.

When referring to noise is the immediate reaction that the public has to the work, and this can be if they receive the message the designer was trying to send or not. Sometimes there is more noise about the topic than feedback and that is what usually people think of the reaction to the work. Due to social media people can quickly react to something even if they did not fully understand and this creates more noise which makes it hard to separate feedback from noise. Feedback is when the message clearly went to the audience, and they can express their thoughts on whether it was effective or not and this can help the artist to make improvements if necessary. 

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