Douglass is arguing that the fourth of July is not celebrated by all Americans. He believes that he himself is not included in the freedom that is celebrated. He continues to explain what the fourth of July means to the “American slave.” He explains that this celebration is a reminder of horrible treatment and cruelty that slaves have gone through. He is calling out America for preaching equality when they don’t treat everyone the same. 

Quote 1: “Would you have me argue that man is entitled to liberty? That he is the rightful owner of his own body? You have already declared it. Must I argue the wrongfulness of slavery? Is that a question for Republicans?”

Paraphrase: Would I have to argue that a man is entitled to the same liberty as slaves? How is someone not their own owner of their body. It is not necessary for me to demonstrate how wrong slavery is. Do republicans know the wrongs of slavery?

Explain: This quote helps Douglass illustrate his argument by showing that you can’t argue that men are not entitled to liberty so why do people of color not receive the same liberty. He explains that he shouldn’t have to argue and explain why slavery is gross and dehumanizing. If America is for equality then everyone, including people of color, should not be treated any differently. 

Quote 2:  ​​”This, for the purpose of this celebration, is the 4th of July. It is the birthday of your National Independence, and of your political freedom. This, to you, is what the Passover was to the emancipated people of God. It carries your minds back to the day, and to the act of your great  deliverance; and to the signs, and to the wonders, associated with that act, and that day.”

Paraphrase: To all of you, this is your holiday. This is the day of America’s independence. This compares to Passover for the people of God. It brings memories of the many good things that happened on that day. This is the day that political freedom was born. 

Explain: This quote helps Douglass illustrate his argument because he continues to mention that the fourth of July is “your” celebration but not his. He compares this to Passover so people listening could understand the importance of this day to many.