For your TENTH post, you will be posting below a rough draft of your SECOND Reflective Annotated Bibliography entry.
In particular, you will post the SUMMARY and RHETORICAL ANALYSIS of your SECOND resource.
Same deal as last time!
You may select any of your remaining two resources for this second entry. Do not worry if you are unsure if what you produce is “correct.” This is JUST a rough draft! We will be going over them on Monday.
Refer to this handout for a very detailed overview of how to write your summary and rhetorical analysis: Structure of Unit 2 Reflective Annotated Bibliography Assignment.
Remember the following:
- In your summary you are just providing an overview of the resource, the kinds of information it includes, and what one might learn by consuming it. Your summary should capture the most important points the author makes relating to your research question. You most likely will not be able to talk about all of the information included in the resource.
- In your rhetorical analysis, you are evaluating how effective YOU think the resource is at achieving its purpose (to inform, to persuade, and/or to entertain) and reaching its
intended audience. Please incorporate AT LEAST ONE QUOTATION in your rhetorical analysis. Refer to this handout from class: How to Effectively Incorporate a Quotation into Academic Writing
You can also refer to the sample student writing we went over in class, keeping in mind that this sample writing has both strengths and weaknesses:
- Sample RAB Entry
- SAMPLE RHETORICAL ANALYSIS Â (Note: This example does not include the summary or key quotes section.)
The summary and rhetorical analysis should be at least 400 words. The summary should be about 1-2 paragraphs, and the rhetorical analysis should be about 2-3 paragraphs.
POST YOUR ENTRY BY 12 PM ON MONDAY, 10/30.Â
Bibliographic Entry: Academic journal/articleâGornitz, Oppenheimer, M., Kopp, R., Orton, P., Buchanan, M., Lin, N., Horton, R., & Bader, D. A. (2019). 15 March 2019, New York City Panel on Climate Change 2019 Report Chapter 3: Sea Level Rise. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1439(1), 71â94
Summary: Sea level rise and coastal flooding are becoming a threat to New York City as ice sheets and glaciers melt, mostly in Antarctica and Greenland. As they melt, these vast ice sheets contribute to rising global sea levels, which will have disastrous consequences for the city. As a result of these effects, regions like Jamaica Bay and Coney Island may be affected by monthly tidal flooding by the middle of the twenty-first century, as well as more regular and severe coastal flooding. Furthermore, in the absence of additional safety measures, several regions, including Brooklyn, Red Hook, Staten Island, lower Manhattan, and others, maybe permanently flooded by 2100. This poses a major threat to the city’s key infrastructure, including its buildings and public transportation. This poses a major threat to the city’s key infrastructure, including its buildings and transit networks, with serious economic and social consequences. For New York City to be sustainable in the future, these risks must be addressed, and measures to adapt to climate change established. For New York City to remain sustainable in the future, it is essential that these risks be addressed and measures to adapt to climate change be put into place.
Quotes:
âNew York City lies in a region that experiences higher than average sea level rise due to enhanced thermal expansion, mounting ice losses from the Antarctic Ice Sheet, and GIA.â Page 72
âThe location of property and key infrastructure near the shore or within the FEMA 1%-annual-chance floodplain places them at increased risk to ongoing and future sea level rise, in the absence of protective structures, such as levees, or other adaptation strategies.â Page 75
âAt continued high greenhouse gas emission rates, these mechanisms could initiate ice-shelf break-up starting after mid-century and add up to 1.6 m (5.2 ft) to sea level rise for Antarctica alone by 2100 (DeConto and Pollard, 2016). Such high rates would result in the collapse of the WAIS and some parts of the East Antarctica Ice Sheet within a few hundred years, potentially contributing over 15 m (49 ft) to global mean sea level rise by 2500.â Page 94
Rhetorical Analysis:
The problem of sea level rise and its effects on New York City is well addressed in the academic journal article. This resource appears to be aimed at scholars, policymakers, and those interested in the science and impacts of sea level rise. The resource’s primary goal is to be informational. Its goal is to educate readers on the causes and effects of sea level rise in New York City. It presents comprehensive scientific facts and statistics, such as the impact of melting ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland, and underlines the city’s growing hazards to its coastal districts. The authors emphasize the significance of being aggressive in addressing these difficulties and adapting to climate change. The site includes references to scientific research (e.g., DeConto and Pollard, 2016), data on sea level rise, and mentions of the FEMA 1%-annual-chance floodplain. The authors do include visual concepts like graphs and charts that include statistics and predictions of increasing sea level rise. The charts display calculations and scientific information which help explain why and the causes of the sea level rising. It also shows why New York City is going to be greatly impacted by this issue in future coming years. The authors also use specific examples like Hurricane Sandy to illustrate the effects of sea levels rising and why itâs detrimental to our city and environment.
Regarding credibility, the authors are well-known scholars in their respective fields of study, providing validity to the resource. The piece is credible because it avoids bias and retains a factual, scientific tone. They also use scientific research and evidence from different scholars and credible sources to prove that sea levels are increasing. The resource, in my opinion, effectively achieves its goal of informing the audience on the catastrophic implications of sea level rise for New York City. It gives concise and well-referenced information, highlighting the need to deal with this issue. If I could speak with the authors, I would appreciate their thorough analysis while advocating additional research and collaboration among stakeholders to develop effective methods for reducing the effects of sea level rise. It would also be more beneficial if the authors gave ways to help people know how to manage and fix the sea level in our city and adaptive solutions that should be in place.
Suzanne Simard studies the complex symbiotic networks in forests. Suzanne Simard has done 30 years of research that pays off by discovering something crazy, that trees talk often and at a distance. âHow do paper birch and Douglas fir communicate? Well, it turns out they’re not just talking in the language of carbon, but nitrogen, phosphorus, water, defense signals, allelochemicals, and hormones — messages. You know, I have to tell you that before I did, scientists thought this subterranean symbiosis called mycorrhizae was involved. Mycorrhiza literally means “mushroom root”.
Those are mushrooms. However, fungi are only the tip of the iceberg, as fungal filaments grow from these stems, forming mycelium, which infects and colonizes the roots of all trees and plants. Where fungal cells interact with root cells, there is an exchange of carbon for nutrients that the fungus acquires by growing in the soil and enveloping every particle of the soil. This web is so dense that hundreds of kilometers of mycelium can be found at a single step. Not only that, but this mycelium links together different individuals in the forest, not just individuals of the same species, but individuals of different species, such as birches and firs, and it works like Bluetooth; they all connect somehow.
mother trees, these nab trees are found to raise young growing in the bush. If you see those yellow dots, those are seedlings that have established themselves in the network of the old mother tree. In a forest, one mother tree can be connected to hundreds of other trees. Mother trees colonize their connections with larger mycorrhizal networks. They are sending more carbon underground. They even reduce their own root competition, allowing the younger ones to move freely. They also pass on messages to the next generation of seedlings when the mother tree is injured or dies.
Therefore, the investigation group used isotopic tracing to trace carbon and also defense signals, from the injured mother tree through the trunk into the mycorrhizal network and into neighboring seedlings. These two elements made it easier for these plants to become stronger. A forest is not just a collection of trees, it is a complex system with nodes and networks that connect trees to each other allowing trees to communicate and provide opportunities for feedback and adaptation. This is because there are many central trees and many nested networks. They are also susceptible to natural disturbances such as beetles that like to invade mature and old trees and logging and decline rates. You see, you can take out a hub boom or two, but there’s a tipping point, because hub booms are no different than rivets on an airplane. You can knock out one or two and the plane will still fly, but you knock out too many, or maybe the one stuck in the wing, and the whole system goes down.
I forgot to put the link
I forgot to put the link
Bibliography Entry: “The FDA approves an Alzheimer’s drug that appears to modestly slow the disease.” Morning Edition, 9 Jan. 2023, p. NA. Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A732701651/OVIC?u=cuny_nytc&sid=bookmark-OVIC&xid=942b7623
Summary:
Leila Fadel and Jon Hamilton discuss a new medication called Lecanemab, also known as Leqembi, in their article “The FDA approves an Alzheimerâs Drug.” They claim that this medication has been approved by the Alzheimerâs Associationâs chief science officer, Maria Carrillo, who claims that it could benefit millions of people who are suffering from Alzheimerâs disease. The medication’s capacity to eliminate the sticky material known as amyloid from the brain led to its approval. Later this year, the entire approval will be decided. The choice will mostly depend on a November study that shown how Leqembi can reduce cognitive decline by 27%.
Leqembi’s developers, the American corporation Biogen and the Japanese company Eisai, estimate that the device will cost roughly $26,500 yearly. Medicare, however, is unlikely to pay for that expense until the FDA gives its complete approval. It isn’t a cure. It doesn’t entirely halt the illness. It doesn’t lead to improvement in humans. However, it does slow the course of relatively minor diseases. Leqembi side effects include brain hemorrhage or edema. However, Snider claims that rather than only treating symptoms, this medication is the first to be licensed that actually changes the course of Alzheimerâs. However, it might take a few months before Leqembi is used by the majority of the millions of patients who potentially benefit from it. People must have tests to confirm that they are in the early stages of dementia and that the buildups of amyloid that are the characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease are present in their brains in order to be eligible for treatments. There will probably be two or more visits to specialists during that process, as they are in short supply.
Rhetorical Analysis:
This podcast does a good job of introducing this new Alzheimer’s treatment. The presenters took caution to weigh the benefits and drawbacks. For instance, they mentioned that while there is currently a lack of this treatment, it may take some time for it to reach a large number of Alzheimer’s patients. I think they did a great job of balancing the pros and cons and avoided exaggerating the positive aspects. Their task was to provide as much information as they could without exaggerating the product’s potential. I particularly like that they discussed the cost of the treatment without any financial assistance, in addition to discussing the side effects, advantages, and disadvantages.
https://www-sciencedirect-com.central.ezproxy.cuny.edu/science/article/pii/S0969698923003235 Academic Article. Attention marketing in fragmented entertainment: How advertising embedding influences purchase decisions in short-form video apps. Xicheng Yin a, Jing Li a, Hongyun Si b, Peng Wu c. Published October 6 2023
In today’s generation technology is normalized to the point where people are constantly on their phones. When people are traveling, waiting for an appointment or even just relaxing, itâs enough time for them to be scrolling on social media and watching short form videos. Short form videos have been more popular than ever as people began to take advantage of their unique benefits. Business owners began marketing their products on short form video apps reaching for aimless entertainment. Targeting an audience that is constantly scrolling is the perfect audience whose attention would be captured when watching an advertisement. Businesses have been winning over their consumers by using algorithm-based recommendation mechanisms to market the most profitable items for the consumer. These new advertisement strategies have shown how digital technology has a crucial role in consumers behavior when online shopping. Online business owners are using short form videos to reduce the resistance of consumers ignoring or skipping an advertisement and are constantly thinking of ways they can improve. Recent studies show how an increase in music, vividness, comments, and humor have had benefits in promoting products online. Marketing with short form video apps allows diverse audiences to shop online and has been a great way to increase sales in drop shipping and online businesses.
âCompared to text- and image-based social platforms, SFV apps have unique advantages in terms of play diversity, immersive entertainment, brand marketing, and traffic monetization. Unlike using Twitter and Facebook for diverse news and social information, people use SFV apps (e.g., Douyin and TikTok) mainly for aimless entertainment.â
âSFV advertising aims to compete for consumer attention, the most essential variable in consumer processing, and to persuade consumer attitudes. Drawing on socio-technical systems theory, this study examines how the social and technological affordances of SFV apps capture user attention by triggering a desire to postpone closure (DPC) (Yang and Smith, 2009), thereby making users more curious and open-minded about the ads and less likely to make defensive or negative snap judgments.â
âHowever, it takes more than attracting attention to get consumers further along in their decision-making journey. It is necessary to win consumer consideration by helping discover their preferences to support the customer through the subsequent phases of the decision. Therefore, we also analyze the positive impact of product relevance brought by app affordances on purchase intention.â
The academic article provided me with great information about the future of online marketing. The authors Xicheng Yin a, Jing Li a, Hongyun Si b informed business about key marketing strategies that can help ecommerce platforms. Most online business owners or people who participate in any kind of ecommerce would benefit from reading the article. The author provided strategies for businesses and marketing that would be difficult for someone without a business to understand. The breakdown of how major companies can catch the consumers attention using an advertisement showed me how everything is taken into consideration when marketing online. Online businesses market their brand using short form video apps (Tiktok, Instagram) to gain attention of people watching quick videos. This makes me believe the target audience is business owners/marketers as usually kids are the ones looking for aimless entertainment. Throughout the article the author provides charts, data graphs, and linked sources to provide the significance of his information. The article informed me on ways digital marketing is expanding in the years and also mentioned âIn recent years, academic research on consumer purchasing behavior decisions in SFV platforms has begun to increase. Taking wine marketing as an example, Deng et al. (2022a) study the reactions and perceptions of Douyin users towards the influencer-endorsed wine short videos and how their responses differ by gender (male vs. female) and generation cohorts (Gen Z vs. Gen Y) in terms of information processing.â People watching short form videos can be getting influenced by advertisements and they might not even know it.
Racial Disparities in the Criminal Justice System needs to be Addressed
By: Marc Maur
Published: Gale, part of Cengage Group
Summary
In his article, Mauer recognizes the impact of mass incarceration of people in communities of color. He emphasizes points in the criminal justice policies and its contribution to racial disparities and how it affects people’s relationship with public safety officials, other offenders, and members of the communities. To reduce the unwarranted racial disparities and disproportionate incarceration rates, Mauer highlights four (4) areas of analysis that are key to the reformation of the Criminal Justice System. These key areas included: Disproportionate crime rates, Disparities in criminal justice processing, Overlap of race and class effects, and Impact of “race neutral” policies.
Key Quotes:
Rhetorical Analysis
It is trying to inform about the bias that takes place in the criminal justice system and is present in the way we as a whole approach people of color. It is also trying to persuade and influence the need to evaluate their policies and look on how to better incorporate change.
In a quote, Mauer articulates âthese developments also contribute to eroding trust in the justice system in communities of colorâan outcome that is clearly counterproductive to public safety goals. It is long past time for the nation to commit itself to a comprehensive assessment of the causes and remedies for addressing these issues.â His target audience is the world.
:
https://youtu.be/ZHOuJXbZtsk?si=mSQTAoK9pIAgrjIq
âThe Fashionâs Industryâs Dirty Secret:The World’s Most Polluted River in Indonesia Documentary by Java Discover (an organization). Published on YouTube. Online video.
Summary:
A group of journalists collaborated with international scientists to investigate the impacts of the pollution in the Citarum river. The journalists would take samples of water, crops, urine, etc. and send them to the scientists to check how many pollutants they have and how harmful the level of toxicity in those samples are. Indonesia has a bad recycling system so people throw everything into the river which adds on to the problem that the industrial factories have caused. 200,000 thousands of tons of plastic are thrown into the sea each year. In a village that is near the Citarum and the textile factories, there are 3,000 people living there and theyâre the ones that suffer the most. Most of these people are kids under 15 years old. The water is used to wash vegetables, clothes, food,and to shower with. The water would sometimes be black, red or yellow. All of this pollution caused liver problems, headaches, kidney problems, itchy skin, loss of appetite, cough, skin disease. The textile factories play a huge role in developing these problems for the people, as they throw their sewage directly to the river. When the journalist went close up to some of the waste water behind some factories, the stench of water was very strong and the pollution was visible as well as harmful as soon as itâs touched. There are 500 textile companies and each one would throw 1,300 liters of waste each day. Different colors of waste water would be thrown into the river as well, this depends on the dyes they use for the clothes they manufacture. All this piles up and Impacts the daily lives of the people living alongside the banks of the Citarum.
Quotes:
âOne thing that is strange is the chromium content of the paddy plants, we found that itâs very high , 28.084 milligram per kilogram. We found that lead concentration on the plants is much higher than the recommended standards, we found 29.03 milligrams per kilogram and the standard is 0.25. Lead is very dangerous; it will disturb the nervous system both the sensorial and peripheral system.â
(30:35- 31:26)
Rhetorical Analysis:
Java Discover is an organization that looks into many different regions with different people. The journalists go around to uncover things that are being neglected and look into people’s lives. The journalists collaborate with scientists which makes them very reliable and trustworthy. Each sample that was done was sent to an expert, scientists, and we are told who these scientists are. One of the scientists was a chemist in water. Makes his results and analysis of the sampled water reliable. The journalist also talked to people working in the factories, and they admitted to dumping waste water into the river. The people analyzing the results of different samples are reliable.
The target audience seems to be the Indonesian government and textile factories that contribute to this problem. The Indonesian government doesnât really care for their people and their polluted river. This video is trying to make a change and help the people that are being affected. The Indonesian government and the textile factories should have a limit to the different pollutants and they should stand by that. This video is trying to inform people who arenât aware of the reality of people being affected by the Citarum river pollution caused by textile factories. This video seems to also target people who buy from companies that have Indonesian textile factories as their suppliers.
By Kevin Roose. “What if Ordinary Citizens Could Control A.I.?”. The New York Times, October 18, 2023 Wednesday, https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/17/technology/ai-chatbot-control.html
As we get closer and closer to the growth of the future of A.I policies with privacy and data protection, liability, and intellectual property laws. What seems to pop up in conversation is, who should control a.i systems? New York Times author Kevin Roose asks readers these questions because as time goes on laws are being made pertaining to A.l. There are pursuits that are merely strict. Anthropicsâs new experiment âcollective constitutional A.Iâ, has a way of training large language models that is based on written principle sets. Used to give chatbot explicit instructions on how to address sensitive requests. The written principles also consist of what topics are prohibited and how to act with humans. Anthropic researchers believe in their cause and that it will work but also inspire other experiments in A.I. The first version of Claudeâs constitution borrowed rules from authoritative documents, including the United Nations Universal Declaration of human rights and Appleâs terms and services. This made Claudeâs relativity with other chatbots and left some people in the company uncomfortable. Obtaining input or ideas working with the collective Intelligence Project the, the crowd sourcing site Polis and the online survey site PureSpectrum, assembled a panel of about one- thousand American adults. They give those panelists a set of principles and ask whether or not they agree with each one. The panelist also had the elective of writing their own as well. They agreed that artificial intelligence is not being hateful nor dangerous. Panelists have also agreed that artificial intelligence should tell the truth and be more adaptable and accessible to people with disabilities. Mr.Clark anthropoicâs policy chief has been debriefing lawmakers and regulators in Washington on the risks of artificial intelligence. Nonetheless, this experiment raised questions on what rules and regulations should be made.
KEY QUOTES:
âShould A.I. be governed by a handful of companies that try their best to make their systems as safe and harmless as possible? Should regulators and politicians step in and build their own guardrails?â
âOr should A.I. models be made open-source and given away freely, so users and developers can choose their own rules?:â
âA new experiment by Anthropic, the maker of the chatbot Claude, offers a quirky middle path: What if an A.I. company let a group of ordinary citizens write some rules, and trained a chatbot to follow them?â
Rhetorical analysis:
What one might depict from the “What if Ordinary Citizens Could Control A.I.?” ,The New York Times article by Kevin Roose is that Kevin Roose is very persuasive about the anthropicâs point of view on why artificial intelligence needs supervision. The rules and regulations that are being suggested are vital to consumers. Arguing that the research should be taken seriously so that people are alleviated and reassured, that artificial intelligence is not biased and manipulating their consumers.
Online Medical Article by Markham Heid https://www.everydayhealth.com/emotional-health/all-about-laziness-what-causes-it-and-what-to-do-about-it/
In Society we value hard work and diligence. Those who did everything, they need to do and end up successful. And hate those who are lazy or not working. This is something that we call each other whenever. But is this correct though? In the article called All About Laziness: What Causes It and What to Do About It by Markham Held. It brings research into how some people’s perception on laziness is confused with a word called procrastination. For example as stated in the article âBut âprocrastinationâ and âlazinessâ are not quite interchangeable â at least not to a psychologistâŠ. A person must intend to do something, and then decide not to do it for the act to qualify as procrastination. If a person never wanted or intended to do something, they may be labeled âlazyâ by a parent or boss, but they wouldnât meet a psychologistâs definition of procrastination.â The point of this is to show the difference between what make a person lazy compare to a personâs procrastination and how according to a psychologist these to word are not not truly interchangeable and often people mistake one mindset to another,
Also in the article it shows another research about how students in college and teenagers in general often do procrastination in accordance with the fact that it is not entertaining and often is taxing on the mind. Compared to video games where they get more enjoyment and happiness out of them and are more worth their time in their mind. Due to this it causes them to wait until the last minute for them to get work done and most likely not finishing the work or is at a poorer quality. As shown in the article âProcrastination is a logical and effective âcoping mechanismâ for dealing with unpleasant feelings.”This explains how most of the time younger people often put tasks that they need to do because it is not in line with what they want to do. As a natural mechanism in order to avoid negative and taxing emotions such as stress or depression that would ruin their mood and their mindset. Many parents would call their children lazy for these actions but in reality they are procrastinating. And once again shown how society often mistakes these two definitions when in the definition of a psychologist these two mindsets are very different from one another. This helps prove the point that the peopleâs idea of what being lazy is in of itself is lazy and inaccurate.
This article, the point is to inform the uneducated about what laziness actually is and what is the best way of dealing with it. Such as in the article it brings multiple options on how a person can stay more active and aware. To be able to focus on what they need to do and do it in an efficient manner. Of course there is always an idea of the article being biased. But due to the fact that the article was medically reviewed by a person named Seth Gillihan. A licensed psychologist who has worked in his field for over 20 years. Has author and coauthor 40 articles and book chapters. And also is the best author of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Made Simple and The CBT Deck. The chances of this article being biased is slim to none. As such this help proves the point that this article is for people that have problems with laziness especially if that person is in college or in their first job and wants to inform and dare I say educate them about their problem.
Thanks for this, Chris.
First off, make sure you are labeling clearly which paragraphs are part of your summary and which paragraphs are part of your rhetorical analysis.
According to my reading, your first two paragraphs seem to be a summary while your last paragraph seems to function more as a rhetorical analysis.
My first comment is that your rhetorical analysis should be longer than your summary, so extend your rhetorical analysis a bit. Consider the following to help you out:
“Majority of people more worried about online fraud than burglary; Survey finds internet scams ‘affect people of all ages’ and may be more prevalent than national statistics suggest.” Telegraph Online, 27 Sept. 2023, p. NA. Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A766818791/OVIC?u=cuny_nytc&sid=bookmark-OVIC&xid=d7525124. Accessed 18 Oct. 2023.
For these internet scams they don’t usually affect a certain age group, all age groups can be victims of scams, it just depends on what they are showing to lure these people into getting their information stolen. Charles Hymas states, “Those aged between 18 and 24 were the most likely to fall prey to scams at 27 percent, the survey found. Of those who had been victims of online fraud, 20 percent said their physical health had suffered, 33 per cent reported a psychological impact and 43 percent were affected financially. Nearly half (47 percent) said they had suffered emotional distress as a result, including feelings of embarrassment, anger and shame.” This survey reveals that internet scams have significant negative effects on both individuals and the economy. Young adults, particularly those aged 18 to 24, are the most vulnerable to these scams at 27 percent, indicating that a substantial portion of the working-age population is impacted. When people become victims of online fraud, it not only hurts them personally but also the economy. The survey shows that 20 percent of victims experienced physical health issues, and 33 percent had psychological impacts. This can lead to increased healthcare costs and reduced work productivity, affecting the economy. The financial impact on 43 percent of victims means they have less money to spend on goods and services, which can hurt businesses. Moreover, the emotional distress experienced by 47 percent of victims may result in decreased overall well-being and work performance, ultimately impacting the economy. The survey illustrates how internet scams have consequences, not only on individuals but also on the economy’s health and productivity. Charles Hymas also states that, “Figures show many victims do not report scams partly because of their feeling ashamed but also because of concerns that the crime was unlikely to be solved. Just 4,913 fraud offences resulted in a charge or summons last year, out of 4.9 million scams reported by people in the Office for National Statistics (ONS) annual survey of crime. This means just 0.1 percent of frauds resulted in a prosecution despite the number of offences rising nearly a third on the pre-pandemic level, according to the analysis of official data by The Telegraph.” This information reveals that many victims of scams choose not to report the crimes they’ve experienced. There are two main reasons for this. Firstly, victims often feel ashamed about falling for a scam, which can make them hesitant to report it. Secondly, there’s a belief that these crimes are unlikely to be solved, which leads to a lack of trust in the justice system. The fact that only 0.1 percent of reported frauds resulted in prosecution is very shocking. This low prosecution rate sends a message that scammers can get away with their actions. It not only discourages victims from reporting but also allows scammers to continue their illegal activities. When scams go unreported and unpunished, it can lead to insecurity and mistrust amongst the public. It can also give these scammers an ego boost to carry out more scams, which will affect the economy. People may become more cautious in their financial activities, slowing down economic transactions and growth.
Bibliographic Entry 2: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/08/style/hip-hop-50th-anniversary-fashion.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share&referringSource=articleShare
Summary:
This article explains the integration and relationship between Hip-Hop and Fashion. It uses examples dating back to 1994 in which âTommy Hilfiger made connections with hip-hop by product placement on performers like Snoop Doggâ. Itâs also stated that âIn 1994 in âSaturday Night Liveâ brands like Cross Colours, Karl Kani, Walker Wear, Maurice Malone, Mecca USA, and FUBU did somehow penetrate the mainstreamâ. Fashion brands used hip-hop to increase their popularity which is a smart business plan. That trend became extremely huge in todayâs society with brands filling ad campaigns and their front rows with rap stars. The article also explains the history of hip-hop by showing the accolades distributed to artists that are revolutionizing the genre now and back from the beginning. According to the article âIn 2018, Kendrick Lamar became the first rapper to win the Pulitzer Prize. And last year ground was broken for a mixed-use development in the Bronxâ. Fashion also gave credit to hip-hop which according to the article was âoverdueâ. The mainstream didnât acknowledge hip-hop until designers from Chanel such as Isaac Mizrahi and Karl Lagerfeld showed collections inspired by hip-hop.
Rhetorical Analysis:
This article goes into depth explaining the relationship between fashion and hip-hop dating back to the 90âs. What made the article just a tad bit confusing was the constant switch in examples. They all were very good examples but the author kept showing us multiple. For my experience it was too quick for me to sulk up each one. Although the confusion I had I also learned from the examples the author put out. In songs youâd always hear artists sing about different clothing brand and never know why. Maybe they just liked that brand but in reality back when first hip-hop was relatively newer it was used as a way to promote different clothing brands.
Hip-Hop is monumental that according to the text âthe Smithsonian National Museum of African American History added the rapper and producer Slick Rickâs birth certificate to its collection, along with a microphone belonging to the incandescent rapper Rakimâ. Not only are these 2 legends in hip-hop history but in African American history all together. It was also said that âthere are so many unsung heroesâ that were brought global renown to designers like Daniel R. Day. If I were a first time reader reading this article I would actually be fascinated due to the long relationship between fashion and hip-hop. Itâs so beautiful that this tradition can even continue into the modern day. To make this article even better the author should just take 3 examples and really focus on explaining those 3 instead of having multiple in order to keep the reader focused and not confused on too many examples.
The Idea of being able to foresee different events, disasters or deaths basically comes off as a silly superstition or an odd series of coincidences. Yet people believe that it all just goes with the flow as the world intended, like the practice of astrology using the stars and constellations to not only predict but solve various occurrences that happen globally. However for whatever reason when people are said to have dreamed such a thing before it happened they are seen as crazy or psycho. Why is that the case? I’d rather believe a living speaking person than a shiny object in the sky.
It doesn’t make sense to not trust a dream or gut feeling that is given to you because as said by many âeverything happens for a reasonâ. So I’m going to be running my own experiment by asking people a series of questions based on their idea of dreams and what they may or may not be sent to them.
The 3 questions will be,
â Can you describe what you see in prophetic dreams?â
âHow vivid are these prophetic dreams?â
â Do these dreams affect how you perceive your environment?â
I’m going to be interviewing an adult woman who has seemingly had many experiences over the years with her dreams. We’ll be able to find out how these dreams affect a person’s life while finding out the truth if people can really dream about the future.
âIn my prophetic dreams I could see things that going to happen in the future and then 3 months after the dream I saw it come trueâ
(NC) âis there any special event that you see happen to you in the dreamâ
â I see myself moving and it becomes my reality in my dreams it comes true and I get a better more upgraded apartment and better pace in a different environment which I likeâ
(NC)â what about nightmares or anything you see other than that like people or natural disasters or anything like thatâ
â Yes I do see people dying and people do that for truth yeah cuz remember when I see my sister and I saw her and I didn’t know it was she was going to die I called somebody else and ask him they are okay and then a month after my sister died so Prophetic dreams always come true sometimes it works to be a nightmare but sometimes it works out to be a true visionâ
2) (NC)âHow vivid are these prophetic dreams?â
âOh this, so in many dreams I see people that died years ago like family members that should be long gone but before it happens I see them within a space between me and whoever is going to die, or I see them like they’re telling me something sometimes. These dreams tell me about numbers I see them telling me to buy lottery numbers 1 2 3 and ask me to get them for the $20 I have or asking me for things then sometimes I go out and I buy the number but I don’t buy it for the $20 they asked me for and the number to play in jackpots. Sometimes if I dream and they tell me to buy a name and for instance, if I tell anyone to buy horses or bet on horses they always put on the horse and the name of that horse and that country. it’s very Vivid, so when people sometimes ask for things it’s important that you respondâ
3) (NC) â Do these dreams affect how you perceive your environment?â
âof course, they must have it because if I dream I see my sister died and see people dead and then my sister dies it’s going to affect me and everything around meâ
(NC)â So would you say that you feel more wary or nervous after having the dream?
â Yes because I know something is going to happen or something is about to happen so I’m very nervous
(NC)âSo would you avoid itâ
âI cannot avoid dreams, how can you avoid your dreams when you go to bed unconsciously? It happens while you’re unconscious, so it’s beyond your control and whatever happens, it’s not something that you put in your mind for you to grasp what’s bound to happen. So consciously that you are nothing but your spirit since we are all of a spirit that leaves from our bodies and sometimes it wanders around so when it wanders around and comes across certain things, it’s not something you can prevent because that’s your spirit and it’s not your physical body so when you dream. It’s the spirit making that dream so you cannot prevent any events or obstacles. So you can do nothing but open for your spirit and go off and dreamâ
*End*
After this interview, I was able to see the many experiences she had over such vivid and almost nerve-racking dreams. It goes to show that depending on the person whether they are spiritually in tune with themselves or have mental constraints That are causing these dreams, we cannot dismiss them as falsehoods because as this woman has stated these dreams could come true in the future but it’s not defined how far in the future it is. This may have come off as nonsense however the experiences should have been more real, not many people have the ability to have such vivid lucid dreams to the point of virtually speaking to those who have passed away. It’s no longer a theory but it can’t be written off as factual. It’s not a widely known experience therefore these experiments and interviews will not stop here but go more in-depth in the future.