Amira Webbert

Prof. Scanlan

Tsunami body 3

(1) 1) Council on Earthquake Disaster Prevention, Ministry of Education (1933) Note on Prevention against Tsunamis. pp. 1–14(in Japanese). [Google Scholar]

2) Kajiura, K. (1970) Tsunami source, energy and directivity of wave radiation. Bull. Earthquake Research Institute 48, 835–869 [Google Scholar]

3) Imamura, F., Nagano, O., Goto, C. and Shuto, N. (1987) Numerical simulation of transoceanic propagation of 1960 Chilean tsunami. Proc. 34th Japanese Conf. Coastal Eng. 34, 172–176(in Japanese). [Google Scholar]

4) Watanabe, H. (1998) Comprehensive list of tsunamis to hit the Japanese Islands, University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, pp. 1–236(in Japanese). [Google Scholar]

5) Mansinha, L. and Smylie, D.E. (1971) The displacement of the earthquake fault model. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. 61, 1433–1400 [Google Scholar]

            (2) Japan is the most hit country by local and distant tsunamis. From the year 1933-1960 the article explicitly went into detail about how the tsunami started, when it started, how long it occurred, the meters it reached, the damage it caused and etc. (3) In my opinion the article was very well thought out, gave great details, details that explains the protocols and what needs to be done when a tsunami hit, the before and after. Based on the CEDP (certified emergency and disaster professional); Relocation of dwelling houses to high ground is the best measure against tsunamis; coastal dikes against tsunamis may become too large, and financially impractical; the tsunami control forests protocol is used because vegetations may damp the power of tsunamis when it hit; seawalls could be effective for smaller tsunamis; tsunami-resistant areas are designed if the tsunami height is not so high in a busy quarter, solid concrete buildings are to be built in the front line of the area; Buffer zone: dammed by structures, a tsunami inevitably increases its height. In order to receive the flooding thus amplified, rivers and low-lands are to be designated as buffer zone to be sacrificed; evacuation routes are designed for people to use the roads to escape to safer and higher ground which are required for every village; and last but not least, the tsunami watch was designed to keep track of the Tsunami because it takes 20 min for a tsunami to arrive at the Sanriku coast, so it gives citizens time to detect an approaching tsunami and prepare for it. (4) The authors credentials were long, important, and respected which made this article credible because their writing skills were creative with a great deal of sources. (5)I don’t really have an idea on why the author wrote this genre but what I do know is, it was a good choice for the intended audience because people who are new to living in a area where tsunamis occur, I would highly recommend this article to help with their knowledge of being safe.