Simultaneous Contrast: When a single color appears to look like two separate colors when compared to two or more drastically differently valued background colors.
Value: The lightness or darkness of a color. For example, pink is a light value of red while navy is a dark value of blue.
This was a fun painting assignment that helped me understand better the Value of color. We first chose a middle value color to be our control color. We would then compare that color to lighter value and darker value colors next to each other. This made the base color appear to change color before your eyes. In the image above the Grey lines in the top half of the image are the same color. Also the blue rhombuses in the lower half are exactly the same but appear to be drastically different.