Category: Annotated Bibliography (Page 1 of 2)

Derrick

Prof. Sean Scanlan

ENG Comp 1

Date

Annotated Bibliography

Apaak, Daniel, and Emmanuel Sarpong. Internal Challenges Affecting Academic Performance of Student-Athletes in Ghanaian Public Universities. , 2015, files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1080130.pdf.

Apaak & Sarpong is empirical research that investigates the internal challenges that affect the student-athletes performance. The study was done in Ghanaian public varsities and was intentioned to illustrate why a typical student’s athlete might face challenges in his or her academic course. Notably, the research cohort employed the descriptive survey research approach and chose 1158 student-athletes from seven public universities in the country as named above. However, the criteria used in selecting the universities are that they must have participated in the 2014 university sports at Cape Coast. Further, by using simple random sampling, 332 respondents were chosen from the seven universities, and a questionnaire was the instrument that the researchers used to gather data for analysis. Mainly, the questionnaire was purposed to obtain information regarding the internal challenges that affect the student’s athletes. 

The research findings established that the student’s athletes face a unique set of challenges than other students who do not get engrossed in sporting activities. Accordingly, they spend significant time training on the sports which may detrimentally affect their studies. Further, it was noted that much time is also spent on traveling, and since some of the athletes have poor time management skills, they miss a lot in their lectures and assignments. Furthermore, some students spent a lot of time thinking about improving their sporting activities. 

These findings will be significantly helpful in preparing my research paper. It will help in debunking how university sports permeates society politically, educationally, psychologically, and more so, financially. Accordingly, it will help showcase how the student-athletes are an image to the universities, although this comes at a high cost since most of them compromise their study time. This study will be a good basis to argue that the student’s athlete compromises their academic performance as they are likely to suffer pregnancy, learning disabilities, substance abuse, identity foreclosure, and mental health disorders. 

Indeed, the research by Apaak & Sarpong is an exposition of the challenges that university student-athletes face while attempting to balance academics and sporting activities. This research will form the basis of my recommendations as it showcases stakeholders’ role in addressing the situation. For instance, it showcases the need for the stakeholders to collaborate in creating a sports schedule that will not disrupt a student’s academic year and offer them sufficient time for study and attain commendable grades.

O’Neill, Maureen, et al. “Student-Athletes in My Classroom: Australian Teachers’ Perspectives of the Problems Faced by Student-Athletes Balancing School and Sport.” Australian Journal of Teacher Education, vol. 42, no. 9, Sept. 2017, pp. 160–78, doi:10.14221/ajte.2017v42n9.10.

O’Neill et al. empirical research give a different view regarding the academic performance of athletes. In this case, it showcases that the student-athletes can perform exceedingly well in their academics with proper support. Notably, O’Neill et al.’s research was based on a large project of highly performing school athletes. The study was based on nineteen research participants, where 12 were females, and 7 were males. The research participants were internationally ranked athletes, although from various sporting activities. Also, ten parents, ten caregivers, and ten teachers got interviewed. To ensure that the research was conducted within the requisite ethical standards, approval got obtained from the ethics committee of institution research. 

The findings obtained from this research showcase that the young athletes missed their lecture time to either train or attended their competitive tournaments, thus adding pressure to catch up with their academics when they resumed school. For instance, one of the research participants averred that the elite athletes experienced trouble maintaining commendable grades since much time was spent in their selection camps. Further, this research demonstrated that the student’s connectedness was adversely affected as they would have challenges with their peer and school relationships. Further, it remained essential to appreciate that the classroom dynamics and the school culture were also negatively affected, hence poor, strong connection with their peers. 

Most importantly, this research was a combination of the problems and some of the most feasible solutions that would address the students’ problem. In this respect, technological aids to enable the student’s keep abreast with the learning process were noted to be helpful. The research identified programs such as Twitter and Skype through which the lecturers uploaded educational materials. The teachers who participated in the research process averred that populating the athlete students’ intranet with educational materials to support them while they traveled away from their respective learning institutions was a helpful strategy. Notably, some institutions furnished the student-athletes with tablets to keep abreast with the academic syllabus and complete their assignments. 

Ultimately, this empirical research will help underpin the various support strategies that the learning institutions could adopt to improve student-athletes’ academic grades. Accordingly, this research will establish a good commencement point to discuss both the issues and some of the strategies that have been adopted to alleviate poor performance by student-athletes. It will also form a good basis for suggesting recommended strategies to the policymakers on the need to offer junior teachers proper training to understand the dynamics of a student who get involved in extracurricular activities.

Grimit, Nicole. “Effects of Student Athletics on Academic Performance.” The Journal of Undergraduate Research, vol. 12, 2014, p. 5, openprairie.sdstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1014&context=jur#:~:text=found%20that%20participation%20in%20athletics.

Grimit research sought to determine the effect of the student’s academic performance due to their involvement in sporting activities. Determinatively, it was purposed to evaluate whether the students’ participation in collegiate athletics was either beneficial or disadvantageous. Accordingly, the research instrument used in obtaining data was a sixteen-question survey whereby seventy copies were distributed to South Dakota University students. Consequently, other survey questions were distributed amongst the student-athlete committee members, and twenty-one of them were also distributed amongst the fellowship members of the Christian athletes. Also, another twenty-two survey question was distributed amongst the women and men dive & swim team. There was a time limit given to fill in the survey questions. The first two questions sought to determine the demographic information. The remaining questions focused on answering the research question, which sought to showcase the correlation between students’ performance due to collegiate athletics participation. 

The research findings from Grimmit research were unique because they showcased that the students who participated in extracurricular activities at South Dakota university performed better than their peers. However, it remains critical to note that South Dakota University had hired a cohort of professionals who assist student-athletes. Notably, besides assisting the students in performing better in their sporting activities, the professionals also taught the students about the need to learn life skills and focus on their career paths. The research suggested that involvement in college athletics significantly motivated the students in their academics. Further, it motivated them to attend all their classes and keep tabs on all the learning activities in a quest for better academic performance. Notably, it was also noted that the involvement in the sporting games motivated the athletes to graduate while making their academic experience nostalgic. 

This research will help showcase that involvement in university sports is not entirely disadvantageous per se. However, it necessitates the university stakeholders to be concerned with the student’s welfare by hiring a team of professionals who will guide the students in their sporting endeavors and achieve both their academic and career goals. This empirical research will be a good source of secondary data to justify the need for various stakeholders to mentor the student-athletes and make their college learning a nostalgic experience.

Gomez, J., et al. “The Challenges of a High-Performance Student Athlete.” Irish Educational Studies, vol. 37, no. 3, June 2018, pp. 329–49, doi:10.1080/03323315.2018.1484299.

Gomez et al.’s research aimed to investigate the effect of challenges encountered by students who get involved in high-level sporting activities. It illustrated the need to establish a balance of sports and academic demands. The research participants were part of the 15000 Irish university students. The institution is situated in an Irish town and has various undergraduate and post-graduate programs for the natives and international students. The nine students that participated in this study were of 21-31 years. Notably, two students were involved in the research as mature students. The interview was the main data collection tool. However, a pilot study was done before the actual study to ensure that the methodology that would be used was reliable. 

Gomez et al. showcased that there was a correlation between time constraint and being involved in sporting activities. In this respect, the cohort demonstrated that time management was a critical skill needed by the student-athlete to excel in sports and academics. The researchers compared their findings with Stevens et al.’s findings which resonated with their research results. In this respect, they established that student-athletes were aware that they did not have adequate time to focus on academics or sporting activities. One of the athletes, who was an architecture student, alleged that he had a lot of practicum assessments and needed an intricate balance between training and academics. The research findings further focused on the first-year students who were involved in sports. They registered concerns regarding balancing their athletic pursuits with the academic goals, adaptation to isolation as they had to train, satisfying different relationships with their coaches, friends, teachers, and community. Nevertheless, the athletes who combine their training regimen with their academic studies demonstrate commendable organization skills. 

This research will help showcase the need to support collegiate athletes to perform better both in their athletic pursuits and academic endeavors. In this respect, it will necessitate showcasing how the research participants from Gomez et al. study were supported to achieve a delicate balance between studies and extra-curricular activities as time management is a critical hurdle for most student-athletes. The Irish universities demonstrated their effort to support the student-athletes, although there were improperly structured frameworks and a lack of collaboration between stakeholders to implement the strategy fully. Accordingly, my research will showcase the need to bridge that gap and paint a positive picture of students’ benefits in sport with a proper support framework. 

Works Cited

Apaak, Daniel, and Emmanuel Sarpong. Internal Challenges Affecting Academic Performance of Student-Athletes in Ghanaian Public Universities. , 2015, files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1080130.pdf.

Gomez, J., et al. “The Challenges of a High-Performance Student Athlete.” Irish Educational Studies, vol. 37, no. 3, June 2018, pp. 329–49, doi:10.1080/03323315.2018.1484299.

Grimit, Nicole. “Effects of Student Athletics on Academic Performance.” The Journal of Undergraduate Research, vol. 12, 2014, p. 5, openprairie.sdstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1014&context=jur#:~:text=found%20that%20participation%20in%20athletics.

O’Neill, Maureen, et al. “Student-Athletes in My Classroom: Australian Teachers’ Perspectives of the Problems Faced by Student-Athletes Balancing School and Sport.” Australian Journal of Teacher Education, vol. 42, no. 9, Sept. 2017, pp. 160–78, doi:10.14221/ajte.2017v42n9.10.

                                                   The Future Is Electric Car

Introduction:

Is the future of US vehicle industries moving toward EV(electric vehicle)? Through this research, I will try to find out that, is the vehicle makers are moving to EV from gasoline. The vehicle runs with the power of electricity and which is rechargeable is known as an electric vehicle.  The first electric vehicle was invented in the 19th century by Anyos Jedlik. Nowadays, one of the biggest reasons for air pollution is gasoline vehicles. Gasoline is expensive and the reserve of gasoline is limited, one day it could be finished so, we have to think about the alternative. There is no better alternative than EV, electricity is cheap and easily producible. Some big vehicle makers like Ford’s start moving toward Ev, but vehicle makers like Toyota think that hydrogen fuel is the fuel future. When we talk about the electric car, the first company name which comes to mind is Tesla. Tesla’s first car was Roadster, which was the first highway-legal electric car. In my research, I will try to find out whether the maintenance of electric cars is cheaper than gasoline cars and also try to find out how reliable they are. I also have to find out that, is the price of the electric vehicles within the budget of middle-class people, and is the electric vehicle safe for daily use? According to Statista, in 2020, the estimated sale of electric vehicles in the United state was 290,000. Everything in the world has a good side and a bad side. If I talk about the limitation or bad side of the electric car, one thing that first comes to mind is the range of the battery and charging time. Electric vehicle makers are trying hard to improve the range of the battery and shorting the charging but it’s a long way to go. Maybe the future of electric cars is not that far.

Annotation 1,

1.  Steel, Alix, “Special Report: EVs: On the Brink of Change,” news: Bloomberg markets and Finance, February 22, 2020. https://youtu.be/MOcyXjRpPNc

2.Alix Steel in her “on the brink of change,” from Bloomberg Market And Finance published on Feb 22, 2020, questioned that, Is the electric vehicle, right for mass adoption? The price of the battery is still high that why consumers are not still adopting it. The experts are expecting until by 2024 the price of the electric car will remain higher than the regular gasoline car. The Alix also reminds us the electric vehicle is not new the history of electric vehicles starts in the 19th century.  The Alix thinks that the sedan car is going to disappear and whether it’s an SUV or Truck power by a better power EV or hydrogen fuel cell, the vehicle that transports us and how it transports us on the bricks of change.

 3. I think that the documentary was very informative they discussed all the aspects of the electric vehicle. In the report “on the brink of change,” they discuss how the journey of the electric vehicle start, what’s the present condition and what could be in the future. There was also a lot of analysis on the report what makes it more practical and acceptable to everyone. I also like how they organized to present the data.

 4. Steel Alix graduated from Northwestern University, earning her bachelor’s degree in communications, and studied business journalism at New York University. Steel Alix is a news anchor currently working for Bloomberg News based in New York City. She has been nominated for the SABEW award many times. I think she is creditable for this documentary because she is experienced, and she knows what she is doing. I like her presentation, she shows us how the transportation industries moving toward the electric vehicle.

 5. The genre of this source is a youtube video and it’s a documentary about electric vehicles and how the transportation system is changing. It shows how everyone in the automotive industry is trying to move towards electric vehicles, and how the transportation industry is moving towards driverless transportation systems.

 6. “Vehicle that transport us and how its transport us it on the brink of change.” nowadays, most of the vehicles that we use are gasoline cars, but the future is moving toward electric cars.  Someday when you call a taxi maybe there will be an electric car that showed up with no driver on it, and maybe your pizza will be also delivered in a driverless car, this idea is what going to be in the future of the in-vehicle industry and everyone investing in it.  

Annotation 2

  1. Edward Peter Stringham, Jennifer kelly Miller, J. R. Clark.“Overcoming Barriers to Entry in an Established Industry: Tesla Motors.” California Management Review, Vol. 57, no. 4, The University of California Press, 2015, pp. 85–103, doi:10.1525/cmr.2015.57.4.85.

 2. In  “Overcoming Barriers to Entry in an Established Industry: Tesla Motors.” Excerpts from “California Management Review” (California Management Review), the magazine was published in 2015, the author is Jennifer Kelly Miller (Jennifer Kelly Miller), Edward Peter Straham (Edward Peter Stringham), J. Discuss how a startup company like Tesla has to overcome many barriers and compete with the well-established renowned company. Tesla’s cars are electric, which’s why they are nature friendly, That was the biggest advantage of tesla what allowing them to get incentives from the government, which makes their cars cheaper than the competitors. Tesla knows that the future is electric vehicles what makes them successful. Now, everyone is following their path because there is no alternative way. 

 3. I think the article is well thought out. In the article, the authors discuss how a start-up company like Tesla became the vehicle industry leader and move the vehicle industry toward electric vehicles.

 4. Edward Stringham is an Austrian School American economist, President of the American Institute for Economic Research in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, and the Davis Professor of Economic Innovation at Trinity College. Jennifer K. Miller is an analyst for the electric vehicle infrastructure company Greenlots in San Francisco. J.R. Clark holds the Probasco Chair of Free Enterprise at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. All of these three authors are well qualified and they’re writing very informative, clear, and focused on the subject. In this article, the authors show how the vehicle industry moving toward electrification and how many barriers new vehicle makers have to face to enter the vehicle industry.

 5. The type of this resource is a “Journal” article. In this genre, there is a lot of information about electric vehicles especially Tesla. In this article, the authors show how much people like an eclectic vehicle on top of a gasoline vehicle through their statistics.

 6. “When General Motors and Chrysler veered toward bankruptcy, the market was signaling that the incumbents were doing something wrong, and as the value of Tesla rose, the market is signaling that Tesla is doing something right.”  Tesla cars are futuristic, which makes consumers interested in their cars.  Currently, all renowned companies like Audi, Mercedes, Porches, etc. Started to manufacture eclectic cars to compete in the electric car market. we can say that Tesla is the innovator of modern electric cars and Tesla is now proposing a similar innovation that can cut vehicle pollution while also allowing vehicles to be powered by a variety of energy sources, including nuclear and solar.

Annotation 3

1.”Video: electric cars on the rise.” Local Broadcast Video Content, 10 May 2018. Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A538058205/AONE?u=cuny_nytc&sid=AONE&xid=ec05f8fc. Accessed 8 Apr. 2021.

  2. Aj Abell in his report  “electric cars on the rise” in  Action News Now, shows how much people love electric cars. People are on the waitlist for 8 months to get their electric car. The biggest selling feature of electric cars is people can save as much as 4000$ in gasoline. In a survey of AAA, they found that one-fifth of an American thinks that their next vehicle will be an electric car. Electric cars are environment-friendly and cost-effective what makes consumers interested in electric cars.

3.  The source is a news report where they interviewed a dealership manager and they show a AAA survey, which was what consumers think about electric cars. The video was short and informative. 

4.  Aj Abell covered national stories such as the Northern California Wildfires, the breaking of the Oroville Dam Spillway, and the search for Sherri Papini, among many others. He goes on to Syracuse University to study Broadcast and Digital Journalism and he was recruited to be a member of the Division 1 Rowing team. I think he is well qualified. After all, he knows what he is doing because he studied journalism. 

 5. The genre of this source is a news report video. This genre is full of information. They show how much-interested people are to get their electric car Rayan Sutton, manager of the car dealership, said several of his friends have been on the waiting list for electric cars for eight months. 

 6. “If you are just driving around town electric is the way to go.” electric cars are environment-friendly and cost-efficient, but the biggest problem of electric cars is the range of the battery. There is still not enough charging station and it still takes a long time to charge the battery. Some people think that electric cars are small little golf cars but some of the electric can go as fast as 120 mph. According to the American Automobile Association (AAA), this kind of care is very efficient. On average, Americans driving an electric car will cost about $500, but a gasoline car costs $1833. This item is a big saving in an eclectic car that encourages consumers in the eclectic car and it is also environmentally friendly too. According to AAA, 80% of the consumer likely to buy electric cars because of the concern about the environment.

Conclusion:

The idea of the electric car is not new, but the idea starts to come true in recent years when Tesla started the production of electric cars. Tesla is the first company who successfully proves that it is possible to use the fully electric car for daily use. The problem nowadays electric cars facing is the range of the battery, charging time, and unavailability of charging stations. Tesla is working on those issues for the past few years and they continuously improve. Nowadays, Tesla cars get a range of 250 to 350 miles depending on models and they are also improving charging time and building new supercharging stations all over the US. The biggest advantage of electric cars is they are environmentally friendly because electrics cars are zero emissions.  According to the survey of the AAA, 80% of the consumer of electric cars buy an electric car because the electric car is environment friendly. Nowadays, people don’t buy electricity because they are environmentally friendly also because of the performance. Even though luxurious car brands like Mercedes, Porsche, and many more companies are now producing electric cars. Government incentives also help to develop the electric vehicle market. markets. The electric car makers not only making electric cars they are also trying to set up a driverless driving system. Tesla’s autopilot program allows their cars to drive without any driver but they are not fully successful yet but the driverless riding is not that far. Also, a ride-sharing company like Uber investing in it. Electric cars cost-efficient, they need much less maintenance than gasoline cars. Usually, electric cars have only batteries and an electric motor but in gasoline cars is so much stuff underneath the hood, that stuff like engine, transmission, and other stuff needs regular maintenance. That needs a lot of money to maintain those gasoline cars but electric cars usually don’t need that kind of maintenance. Another biggest advantage of the electric car is people can charge their car at home, they need not go to any charging station and wait there hours to full charge. I think that there is no alternative to electric cars. Still, the price of the electric car is higher than the gasoline car, I think more government incentives are needed to keep the price of electric cars in the price range of everyone. There is also a need to raise awareness among electric car consumers because people still believe that electric cars are not as safe as gasoline cars.

First Annotation

1. Hobson, Will. “When Pool Is NCAA’s Basketball Fund, Conferences Have a Lot Riding on Games.” The Washington Post, WP Company, 18 Mar. 2014, www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/sports/ncaa-money/#:~:text=The%20men’s%20basketball%20tournament%20basically,largest%20piece%20of%20that%20distribution. 
2. The article breaks down the average revenue that the NCAA Basketball receives a year and also how it is disputed to colleges, etc. The main point of the article is that the NCAA has more than enough money to pay athletes that play basketball but instead keeps it doesn’t pay the players at all. Based on the article, NCAA makes billions of dollars a year and keeps 40 percent of the cut and the other 60 percent of the money goes to the colleges and it’s important to know that all the people that receive the money didn’t step foot on the court and put their body on the line to win games. Also to add the fact schools who participate in the March Madness tournament and win a couple of games before getting knocked out of the tournament get a bonus to what they already make. The author concludes the article with the most important thing and it’s no pay for play which is essentially the author explaining how athletes who play the game don’t even get a cent for the hard work and determination they put on the court. 
3. In my opinion, I love the way the author structured this article this is because he didn’t just start off at athletes should be paid but instead, he explains how the yearly revenue was disputed and how paying athletes isn’t just pulling money out of thin air it’s very much possible looking at how much money is made on college basketball.
4. Will Hobson, who’d graduated from Boston College earning a Bachelor’s Degree in Art in English. Hobson is a national sports reporter for the Washington Post and in 2014, he was awarded a Pulitzer Prize in local reporting for his work on Tampa Bay Times stories on corruption with landlords being abusive to tenants. I think he’s credible to use his work as evidence because he focuses on sports and investigation and also Washington post is a very reliable source.
5.   The source can be categorized as an article this is because the issue is well written and also supported with many facts such as explain how the money is made and disputed in college basketball and how it related to the bigger issue. This article really informs the reader of what actually goes on. This choice of genre is really good when focusing on an issue because you are able to show all the sides of the viewpoint of how it looks on the problem which the author did a good job in.
6. Through the article there one quote that caught my eye instantly which is “The “basketball fund,” as it’s simply labeled, is the largest pool of money the NCAA doles out to schools and the only one allocated according to competitive sports success. A closer look at where the money goes illuminates the stratified economic landscape of college sports, where the rich schools get richer and the players remain amateurs.”. This is the key quote in my opinion because the way it has essential points such as how college basketball makes a lot of money which makes schools richer and richer and athletes who don’t go pro not make a cent from it. 

Second Annotation

1. Levy, Dan. “Paying College Athletes Is Possible, If the NCAA System Gets Broken (Or Fixed).” Bleacher Report, Bleacher Report, 3 Oct. 2017, bleacherreport.com/articles/1771951-paying-college-athletes-is-possible-if-the-ncaa-system-gets-broken-or-fixed.
2. This source explains the job of the NCAA which is to make sure everything is fair and ethical, make sure that any violated rules are indefinite would face a consequence, and lastly to make sure athletes don’t make money and stay an amateur. The main point in this source is to explain how the rules implemented by the NCAA are not smart and make it harder for those who are less fortunate. The author does give multiple alternatives that would be beneficial for athletes to support and help athletes that want and need to be paid. The author concludes the paper with the alternative essentially telling there should be no excuses for athletes to not get paid. There is so much money that the NCAA generates because of the players and aren’t being compensated or don’t even give the player insurance, cause not everyone makes it to the league to get millions.
3. In my opinion, not every athlete obtains a full ride to college meaning some people have to take out loans to pay off the debt that they had build, and it is just because there not fortunate financially-wise. And not everyone makes it to the pros so getting paid in college is insurance to them. 
4. Looking at the author of the source Dan Levy’s credentials he didn’t have any accomplishments but he has worked with many different media such as Washington Post, Philadelphia Sports Blog, Bleacher Report and etc. I think he’s reliable because he’s experienced and works for really big sports media.
5. Levy’s choice of genre is sports journalism because he dives fully into college sports analytics and when stating the issue he provides solutions with really good statics of how it would work out. Looking at his background this worked out well for him because of how reliable he is and how thorough the article is.
6. The key quote in this source is “Pardon the fuzzy math, but it’s safe to say the NCAA and its member institutions will rake in more than $40 billion over the next 15 years from TV partners, and that doesn’t include other corporate sponsors, radio partners, ticket sales and merchandise deals. How much of that do the players get again?”. This quote is astonishing to realize how much money the NCAA makes in 15 years and won’t pay an athlete at all. Five billion disputed fairly to the players would help the less fortunate athlete a lot. 

Third Annotation

1. Vance, Hunter. “Student-Athletes: A Scholarship Is Not Enough.” BYU ScholarsArchive, Marriott Student Review, Sept. 2019, scholarsarchive.byu.edu/marriottstudentreview/vol3/iss2/8/
2. Throughout the article, hunter explains the life of a college athlete which a student who goes to class in the morning and right after goes to practice for the rest of the day, and this is repeated. Athletes attend multiple practices in total for more than 40 hours a week, play 25+ plus games a season, and based on how much each school gets money off the athletes each player is worth around $289,031 a season and none of them get paid anything. This Hunter’s main point in the article is to void or destroy the notion of how athlete compensation is a free education and other free benefits that college doesn’t realize isn’t enough especially for those who are less fortunate financially wise. Athletes were told they weren’t going to be paid because they were amateurs which essentially means they say only pros should be paid. What they don’t realize is not every college basketball player make it to the pros only 2 percent of all the college basketball player get drafted to the pros. The author wraps the article up with how other college students on scholarships are allowed to get paid for the work they have done but if the athlete tries to get paid he could lose his eligibility to play and maybe even his scholarship which is devastating.
3. In my opinion, athletes should not be losing everything they had worked so hard for due to them trying to make money selling merch, receiving gifts or etc. They work so hard and need to be compensated for that. The rules should change and pay the players which are they are the reason the NCAA even receives a LOT of money. 
4. The author Vance Hunter isn’t a credible writer compare to the others because he doesn’t have accomplishments and there isn’t much data on him other than what school he’d attended. What do think is reliable is the publisher which is BYU college. 
5. This source is categorized as an article genre because it informs the reader on the problem and explains how bad and also how it affects others. The choice of genre fits the work really well because of how he formatted the paper.
6. The quote that was most interesting to me is “In January 1996, Google was invented. The invention came through a research project by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, Ph.D. students at Stanford University. Who received the current $102 billion business? Was it Stanford? No. It was Larry Page and Sergey Brin who became rich off their invention, not the university”. This quote explains how any college student other than the athlete is able to make money off of what they do best or even make money off of sponsors just for some odd reason athletes don’t make any money at all and they’re the ones who 100% help generate all the money. College athletes are given a book full of rules they can’t do mostly consisting of not being able to sell merch or have sponsors or receive anything from anybody. And yes I said “ Receive anything from anybody” in the article there was a student who loses his eligibility to play sports because he received a free meal which is outrageous.