Two rather good resources for an all around introduction to python are the python tutorial and a Whirlwind Tour of Python. The second link is to the author’s GitHub repository of notebooks for an online O’Reilly book. Another good resource is this textbook and tutorials called Python for Astronomers. A book on numerical methods is here. My resources on specific topics can be found below.

• The Command Line
• Interfacing with Python
• The Filesystem and Path
• Version Control
• Data Types
  • Numpy Arrays
  • Pandas Dataframes
• Python Input and Output
• Visualization
  • Matplotlib (1D plots)
  • Matplotlib (2D plots, images)
  • Seaborn
  • Plotly
• Random Numbers
• Incremental Arrays
• Profiling
• Physical Constants
• Code Style