Egress:  safe exit access from any point of the building ( exit access, exit,  exit discharge)

Occupant load: the # of people that can fit in the building house etc..

Building code specify (health & safe): requires

– fire resisting material deepens on how high and area per floor

-fire alarm and sprinkler

1)Exit Access: Building Code Specify the max distance to the exit and degree of fire hazard. exit pass should be eliminated by emergency lighting in case power failer. Area of refuge.

-A horizontal exit: constrictive around the wall that separate and protect by automatic closing fire door.

2) Exit: doors for outside easy/fast exit. smoke proof encloser either a stairway or wall resistive construction. exterior exit balcony.

3)Exit discharge: all exit must discharge to a safe place such as exit court,exit yard, public way.

The exit is used to escape the building in an emergency. Exports should be obvious and everyone can find them. For example, if one can’t find it, they should have at least two exits and more. This way people will not get lost or hurt. The export meets the following building requirements. Specific details should be considered when designing. For example, each exit has a distinct light sign that is fire-resistant and has a backup power source. When designing an exit, make sure that people can safely enter and exit when fires and other special conditions occur.

​Francis Ching goes into detail of describing stairs, he views stairs as a special entity, Stairs don’t always affect the exterior of a building but do affect the internal organization of a building this could be a structural pattern of a layout of a building. Ching goes into detail to show us what a stair is made up of and the required dimension they have to meet. Stairs are made up from Risers and Treads, Riser being how tall the base is and tread being how long a stair is. Ching provides a formula for stairs: Tread(in) + 2x Riser(in) = 24-25 this formula can be used to calculate if the stairs that are being made meet building code in terms of dimension this is used mostly for interior stairs because exterior stairs are not as steep because they can propose a danger in certain weather conditions.

Stair should be a minimum of 36/44in for 49 people or less.

Handrails should be 4-1/2 inches from the wall and should be on both sides of the stair and should be 34-38 inches of height and should have guard rails.

Landings should be the width of the stairs and have a minimum length of the width of the stairs.

Treads/Risers/Nosings- there should be a minimum of 3 risers per flight in order to help prevent people from tripping.

Doors in stairwells should be facing the way of egress for emergency purposes.

The purpose of a stair is to provide a way of transportation from one level to the next they also help organize a circulation.

Stairs also take up a good amount of space, there are different varieties of stairs: Straight run, Quarter Turn, Half turn, Winding stair, Circular stair, and Spiral stair.

Quarter turn stairs make a right-angle L shape, Half turn stairs make a 180 degree turn, Winding stairs are any stairs that are constructed with winders, circular stairs are circular and spiral stairs are made of wedge shaped treads (these are the smallest type o stair but can only be used in private individual dwellings due to code.

Egress is the action of going out or leaving a place. it is  It is the based on the three components, Exit access, exits, and exit discharge.  Exit access is the exit placement in the  buildings. Exits are the exits themselves, where they are located, and how much of them are in a building. Exit discharge is the safety and time it takes to leave the building without danger. Egress is one of the most important thing in the building, and the building code, because safety is the priority in the building construction. Stairs are supposed to be safer than elevators, because the walls are fireproof, and the doors are closing automatically. also during danger, they are designed to quickly get people outside as fast and safe as possible.

The means of egress is how people will exit a place and it must provide safe and easy way for occupants to exit. The three components to the egress system are exit access, exits, and exit discharge. Exit access is the pathway leading to the exits and they should be easy to access. The exits have to evacuate the people in a building to a safe place and into an exit discharge. An exit discharge is the safe place outside the building. This is all just in case an emergency happens, like a fire. There are different types of stairs and regulations to how they are suppose to be made. Some types of stairs are straight run, quarter turn, half turn, winding, circular, and spiral stairs.

The summary of MEANS OF EGRESS:

Egress means go out or leave. In architecture, it related to an EXIT.

Building codes specify the security systems and its facilities, and it also specifics the Exit Accesses: the  max and min distance to them,  the amount of them,  some equipment around them, such as emergency light and clear sign, and discharge place, all of them must meet the building codes.

In the reading STAIR DESIGN, the author tell our some specific detail of the dimensions of risers and treads in a stairway.

In the reading STAIR REQUIREMENTS, describe some detail information: the Guardrails, the  Stairway Width, the landings, the Handrails, the Treads, Risers, and Nosings, and some other relatived details.

Egress is the means of getting all occupants of a building out safely and accordingly. A building has many codes it has to follow in order to keep egress to its standards. For example, the building needs to have a specific occupant load. If this load is over its max it can be unsafe when fleeing away from harm inside the building. The occupant load establishes the required number of the width of all the exits.Building codes also have the requirement of the fire resistance rating of material, te fire alarm sprinkler and safety systems. They specify the maximum distance of travel to an exit and the maximum distance between distance between the exits.Stairway widths, landing, handrails, nosing of treads all have specific measurements that lend to the required means of egress.

Egress is the action of leaving a place or getting outside of something, in this case its buildings. Egress has three components to it ,exit access, exits, and exit discharge. Each of these components come with their requirements for following building codes and procedures. There are specific details that should be taken into account when making exits.  For example, making sure every exit has clear signs and hallways that have walls that are fire proof and that have lights that show the path when there are power outages. However, the most important detail that must always be followed when dealing with anything about egress is making sure that these exits are safe for people to walk through when there are certain conditions like fire.

The pages that were assigned to be read explains the means of egress. It is basically the movement of going out or leaving a building. Egress is known to have three different parts to it. The exits access, the exit discharge, and the exits. Exit access is the path or passageway that leads to an exit that should be directed as possible. Exit discharge is when all exits must be discharged to a safe place of refuge outside of the building. Finally Exits which is meanly what must provide an enclosed and protected means of evacuation for the occupants of a building in the event of fire, leading from an exit access to an exit discharge.

In this chapter stair design was also mentioned. It was explained as it being strictly regulated by the building code, especially when a stairway is an essential part of an emergency egress system. It has requirements loke stairway width, landing, handrails, and guardrails. Must of all the treaf, risers, and nosings. Stairs can be different in the way of design, structure, measurements, and shape. The different names of stairs i found in this chapter were Winding stairs, Circular stairs, and Spiral stairs. Each tupe had its own functional and unique way of look.

Stairs are one of the ways to get from one floor to another. And there are many different types like straight-run, quarter-turn, half-turn, winding, circular, and spiral. However, there are rules and codes to follow so that they would not endanger the welfare of a person. Knowing stairs can be dangerous, following the rules will make it beneficial and easier for the people using them. When it comes to stairs we also need to pay attention to the railing (hand and guard) and the landings. The hand rails should be at a height where everyone is able to hold on and the guardrails should be able to protect people from falling of the staircase.

Egress is a mean of getting out the building in case of an emergency like a fire. The exits should be in a position that it is easy to find and everyone is able to escape from it. For example, they should be a minimum of two exits in case one is blocked off. That way people are not stuck in the building.