Gropius believes that the academies provided practical training that never advanced enough. He thought the academy or education should show manual dexterity and thorough knowledge of necessary foundation. Gropius said that’s art depends on the talent of the creator and talent cannot be taught or learned. Art of the 19th century were detached from life, art of the future could be expressed physically, intellectually and spiritually simultaneously.

According to Moholy-Nagy, the typophoto is the new strategy of the future. It incorporates the best of typography and photography into one design. Typographic designs are too linear according to Moholy-Nagy making typophoto optically different. Typophoto is a makeshift link between the content being communicated and the person who receives it. It is able to give more information in a single design than typography or photography alone. He also mentions the future having the invention of the photographic typesetting machine, which one can say can be a smart phone that has emojis in the keyboard. Today people use emojis regularly in their text conversations with friends which can sometimes give a better understanding of the message.

Herbert Bayer believed that typography is conditioned by the message it visualizes and that it is not a form of self-expression. He believed that type couldn’t be part of a trend because it can’t be created and changed easily and frequently like fashion can change. He mentions redesigning the alphabet, using a “square span” way of writing and changing page layouts in books by changing the colors of the page and text. While some of these seem like good ideas, they aren’t all as practical as he thought they would be.

Bayer says “the more we read the less we see” which is true, making his work all written in lower case letters hard to follow when it all looks the same. While the square span seems like a logical way to keep short thoughts together, it doesn’t work in practice because there’s no telling which square of text goes next. Recently we’ve all seen the memes of square span text being misread and its proof that is doesn’t work as intended. His ideas overall worked well in theory but many failed in practice. One of his theories was that communication would change drastically in the future and it’s the one theory I believe he had that was spot on.