Disclaimer: I’ll try to answer these questions as best as I can. They might be from the passages and in my opinion as well. The authors are very hard to understand from what i think, but i’m like whatever to it. I hope you enjoy it.

Now from these authors, the stuff they thought were missing with past art and education was basically like this. For Bayer(Not like the pharmaceutical brand) he was saying that :”taking a closer look at present-day typographic customs, i make the following suggestions, believing that they offer immediate possibilities for
both improvement and change.” For Gropius, regarding the bauhaus, he said that:” With the development of the academies genuine folk art died away. What remained was a drawing-room art detached from life.” For Moholy-Nagy, he said:” Every period has its own optical focus. Our age: that of the film; the electric sign, simultaneity of sensorially perceptible events.”

The roles that typography and photography should play in shaping a new art are from what Moholy-Nagy said about typophotos. Which is Typography communication composed in type. That’s one thing he said about it. Then he also said “Photography is the visual presentation of what can be optically apprehended. Typophotos are the visually most exact rendering of communication.” Gropius said that: “The type is the elementary principle in the figurative sphere.” Bayer said that: “and new ideas must logically be deduced
from the function of typography and its carriers.”

The roles that other media should serve are from what Bayer said. Which he stated: “correctly foreseeing the widespread reshaping of typography imposed by new media.” Followed by how it should continue to be on stuff like on movies, tv show, tv ads, billboards etc. It should basically, continue to expand it’s territories, around the world, in every form possible, is what i’m saying.

The roles that language or communication play in art and design come from the fact that they inform us about what to buy, where to go, how to use anything and other stuff we need to know in a way. Thus, expanding our reading comprehension in a sense. Followed by what Bayer said, which is: “it seems appropriate at this point to recall the essence of statements made by progressive typographers of the 1920s: previously used largely as a medium for making language visible.” “the type designer is not usually a language reformer, but a systematic approach will inevitably carry him to a point where he will ask for nothing less than a complete overhaul of communication with visual sound.” “an important extension was introduced with the recognition of supranational pictorial communication.” Maholy-Nagy declared that(once again): “What is a typophoto? Typography is communication composed in type.” “Typophotos the visually most exact rendering of communication.”

Artists should approach the creation of future art forms by doing what Moholy-Nagy was referring to. Which is: “impartial approach” of photography, showing us
even now how to experience reality anew.” For one thing. Then another way is to do what Bayer was mentioned. Which is from the following: “the type designer is not usually a language reformer, but a systematic approach will inevitably carry him to a point where he will ask for nothing less than a complete overhaul of communication with visual sound.”

Education or “the academy” should teach artists about their field, not to be shut off from the world of industry and handicraft. As artists were shut off from themselves and the career they’re supposed to be good at, according to what Gropius has also talked about. I think “the academy” should teach them how not to be misled by the fatal and arrogant fallacy.

The Bauhaus ideas should be updated to remain relevant in the 21st century by how they shouldn’t think that anyone should not stay enslaved. They should not also think that society should continue to be in chaos and in shambles in a way. More importantly, to me they should update every sentence in the passage. The reason is because in my opinion, it was pretty hard to understand. They should adjust that to make it more understandable. So that everyone is on the same page.