Excitability of Membranes

Figure 04 06 01

Read about this at https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/structure-of-a-cell/cytoskeleton-junctions-and-extracellular-structures/v/extracellular-matrix

Ion channel
Ion Channels are transmembrane proteins that facilitate the movement of ions across the membrane. The pore of the channels contains specific amino acid residues that foster the movement of selective ions across.
CFTR Protein Panels The CFTR protein is a channel protein that controls the flow of H2O and Cl ions into and out of cells inside the lungs. When the CFTR protein is working correctly, as shown in Panel 1, ions freely flow in and out of the cells. However, when the CFTR protein is malfunctioning as in Panel 2, these ions cannot flow out of the cell due to a blocked channel. This causes Cystic Fibrosis, characterized by the buildup of thick mucus in the lungs. (Credit: Lbudd14 CC-BY-SA 3)
Deactivation of Voltage-gated ion channel

The Action Potential

https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/neuron/latest/neuron_en.html

Measuring Electrochemical Actitivity

Visualizing Neuronal Activity