Category: Unit 2

      The world as we see it so simple and full of agendas to fulfill. Everyday things we are accustomed to like Asking another how you’re doing or acknowledging someone is there , it comes so natural to us like a machine. Most of our life is like a machine stamping labels on a cereal box repeatedly at a factory. Now is that the case for everyone? The way we function and react since babies is a way of life. How is that a way of life? Well because a large majority of us don’t have that luxury to react and understand like the rest. They are viewed differently and are misjudged. Which made me stop being selfish and actually want to understand where they are coming from and the different perspectives life has to offer instead of judging and labeling. Learning about different disabilities one by one.Which brings me to my question “What is autism? How does a person with autism process information?” Let’s find out!

  Before we get into the specifics, as you should know autism is considered a disability and people with disabilities often get discriminated because they are not understood and misjudged. “HR Hub“ a website were its insured employees are not being discriminated against. On this website answers are answered by professional and cases from past employers are displayed legitimely. A person with a mental disability at Chuck E Cheese in wisconsin was fired due to their disability of retardation. This is an example of disability discrimination. When brought to court Chuck E cheese had a large some to give back to this ex employee. “the jury returned its verdict on to damages awarding $10,000 in back pay, $70,000 compensatory and $13 million in punitive damages”. These are the charges that had to be paid back. In this case the fired employee was the plaintiff issuing the lawsuit while the the company Chuck E Cheese was the defendant. The judge request this large amount to be paid so employers would learn from this case and not discriminate against people with disabilities again. As you can see just by getting a job people with disabilities are being discriminated imagine in everyday life.

  When reading this case i felt disgusted by this employers actions. Having a mental disability does not mean you are vulnerable. I mean how do you think this person got the job if they were vulnerable. This was a big key to address for my question because it shows what people with autism encounter on a everyday basis. What we do everyday is a struggle for them already and being discriminated makes it even harder. 

    Social interactions for people with autism is a constant everyday battle. The are blind and/or immune into understanding that someone is sad. That sadness and happiness are two different things. They struggle with asking questions that come naturally to us like “how are you feeling today? ”The national autism society is the UK’s leading charity for autistic people.They are often getting involved in autistic cases which is why this is such a reliable source. In their article they stated “Autistic people often have difficulty ‘reading’ other people – recognising or understanding others’ feelings and intentions” Which is how I got my statement above. In addition, “This can make it very hard for them to navigate the social world”. Navigating everyday life is difficult they appear to be insensitive because of this and not seek comfort by other people.

       A big key to humanity in my opinion is feelings and social interactions. This often affects your actions and help people describe who you are in their eyes. I actually find this very interesting because I think feelings are involved with passion. This is something autistic people have is passion and dedication. They have these feelings and they aren’t even aware of them. Which is something I’ve been learning about them and most people don’t know.

         Aside from having trouble with social interaction people with autism have different ways of communicating. The times article is known for their partnership with the new cast CNN. They were doing an article called “inside the autistc minds”. They focused on autist kids and gathered evidence which made this such a reliable source. Hannah a kid with autism she communicates by typing. “ a girl though to be incapable to read of write wrote i love mom” In this case the specialist were worried this girl couldn’t communicate but what they found out was that she can just in a different way. This girl was stocked up on information. Later on she was asked, “ Do you have a photographic memory? Hannah typed yes”. These people have abilities we just can see it’s all inside their minds. How they think and process information like hannah she has a photographic memory. Do most autistic people have a photographic memory? I would like to know. Hannah was given a worksheet with 30 math problems and got all 30 right in an instance. This shows how she remembers everything she sees.The reason for this is that “ autistic children tend to have the brain of a 13 year old.” This shows how quick they are in tune with the world already full of knowledge with everything they see they analyze it.

         Now that we are getting deep into the brains of autistic children. Autistic kids brains start growing rapidly since the start. “ they experience rapid expansion since the age of 2” Since the age of 2 they start to analyze and process information. People with autism have high levels of anxiety. “High levels of anxiety seen is as many as 80% of people with autism.” their brains growing so rapidly processing and analyzing can be a reason for this anxiety. “ local areas tend to be over connected” Their brains function differently than ours. This means that when they are thinking their brain doesn’t really work together since it’s over powered.

      People with autism always have an interest that is what they think about and relate every scenario to.Atypical a show on netflix produced by the bestfriend of someone with autism. This person was very close and spent an abundance amount of time with this person with Autism. This is why this is a credible source even though it is not primary but it seems like it is,   In the netflix show Atypical the main character is autistic and he is very interested in penguins and antártica. When he confronts situations in his everyday life he compares it to a penguin it relaxes him and helps him better understand the situation and what he should do. When he decided he was ready to start dating he compared himself to the penguin male and how they find a partner. He saw how penguins get attention from the female penguins and assert their dominance and so he did the same he changed his appearance. He even made desserts for the person he was trying to make his partner. He wasn’t doing it because of how he felt he did it because it was what penguins did when they are ready to mate.As you can see penguins take a big part in his life and is very important to him. I see this as a comfort zone for him.

      In this show, you get to see how and why he makes his every move. This autistic kid being the main character helped understand what might be going on inside an autistic person’s mind. When it comes to the interest we just don’t see that he likes penguins we see that he relates and helps him to cooperate with his everyday life. It shows how he is always thinking about it and it calms him down. 

  After reading all these articles learning all these new things I still want to read more and if I’m lucky more netflix shows like the one I introduced. Did I answer my question for the most part yes but my question has an on going answer that keeps building on every month year or day as we speak. It is a question I have to keep my eyes on. I learned a lot special about the brain part with the electrons it was very interesting but difficult to understand.

Aisse Tounkara

11/08/2019

Professor Hall 

                                     When Is This Going To Stop

     Everytime you turn on your TV you see something on the news with a police officer who shot and killed a African American because they felt threatened by their presence, or they felt like they were a threat to someone else. 

     In this first article “ Policing in black and white neighborhoods” it talks a lot about implicit bias and how that leads to preconceived notions. It states what Police Officers see when they encounter an African American person and vice versa. It’s crazy that this is the norm because this leads to terrible encounters which always ends up deadly. Over the past years we have seen a vast majority of African Americans unarmed men mostly and women lose their lives in the hands of police. When the time comes for justice to be served the excuse is always “ They felt threatened” and this article says that an officer is more likely to shoot an unarmed black person first rather a white man who is armed. This has to due with the fact that a black person will always be seen as a threat.    

      These preconceived notions never end well. It states “ These serious judgements often manifest themselves into even worse scenarios”. What this is saying is that it’s never going to be a positive interaction. When a researcher  Kirsten Weir at the American Psychological Association asked Hillary Clinton “If Police were implicitly biased against black people” she herself knew that this was true and a problem. Her response was like everyone else’s trying to beat around the question. I learned the effects that implicit bias in the police and the extent that it leads too. 

      In this second article “ Confronting Implicit Bias in the New York Police Department”  from the New York Times it talks about what can be done to change peoples biased towards African Americans especially men. It states “ an unarmed black man holding a cellphone, Stephon Clark, is fatally shot in his grandmother’s backyard in Sacramento and residents ask whether the officers only saw race while pulling the trigger 20 times”. The answer was yes. Stephon Clark may have been killed because of officers implicit bias. They felt harmed by his presence and this article does a good job explaining the steps it would take to confront the implicit bias. “The effort to train officers to tackle implicit bias is one Mayor Bill de Blasio has pushed for since his 2016 State of the City address.

     They know that implicit bias is a problem so the fact that they care enough to do something about it says a lot. This article says that a lot of Police Officers have implicit bias and they don’t even know that they do. They are taking necessary trainings to decrease the number of police killings in African Americans when it comes to this implicit bias idea. That’s what I learned a lot about in this research. While reading and analyzing the source I learned that systematic racism and implicit bias goes hand and hand. 

     In the third article This source “Race and the Police” talks about other factors besides implicit bias that’s also a problem when it comes to Police Brutality. It states “Race continues to influence how people of African American descendants are treated by law enforcement.” They are treated very unfairly by members of law enforcement. So a police officer is more likely to pull the trigger on an African American compared to a Non African American for the same crime. 

     I learned from this source that race was another major issue when it came to Police Brutality. The whole idea behind preconceived notions and police is racism. If a police officer sees race before the law than the outcome of that is not going to be great. This source is a very reliable source and thorough research was done because it provided me with a lot of facts and research that the police foundation has done.

   Overall, in this research that I concluded I learned what implicit bias is, and what are the different kinds of causes of action that leads towards police brutality when dealing with African Americans. What I found interesting is that police officers police different in certain neighborhoods, and how implicit bias training will make a change for the better.

   The number of killings in the hands of law enforcement will change.

What is the future of DACA and how will the Supreme Courts decision affect  the United States and DACA recipients?

DACA( Deferred Action for childhood Arrivals) helps people from the age of 15 to 31 get a work permit and a social security to be able to get an education and work here in the United States legally and also be protected from deportation. As of right now DACA is not accepting any new applications and people whose DACA are about to expire can renew but since the Supreme Court is going to make a decision on what will happen in the future on November 12,2019 if you haven’t renewed it, if the Supreme Court decides to not keep daca than you’ll not be able to renew it when it’s time to. What is the future of DACA and how will the supreme courts decision affect the United States and DACA recipients?

Pros and cons of having DACA

According to Grace Donnelly of fortune.com She says that trump is telling people not to worry about DACA and that they will try to figure out the problem. In the article she also mentions that Republicans and proponents weight out the pros and cons of having DACA. In the article it says “ the program allows Dreamers to obtain drivers licenses, enroll in college, pay income taxes and serve in the military”. What they are saying is that having DACA is good because it would benefit the United States in many ways. For example paying income taxes benefits both the DACA recipient and the United States. Going to college would also benefit a lot since the recipient would be paying the government. It’s also not the child’s fault that they were brought here without their consent and not be able to do specific things like everyone else.

It also mentions why it would be bad to keep it, they say that DACA is not giving recipients permanent status only temporary protection that has to be renewed every two years and in the long run it’s not a path to citizenship. A con of having DACA is “it does not provide lawful status or a path to citizenship”. It’s not worth keeping DACA if they know that they will never be able to become a citizen. The republicans want to find another way to path to citizenship instead of just temporary status. This source is worth listening to because if the Supreme Court decides not to keep DACA people should know why it’s important to have it and why it shouldn’t be taken off.

DACA deal in exchange for Funding Wall

In the New York Times written by Annie Karni who is a white House correspondent and Sheryl Gay Stolberg who is a congressional correspondent they talk about a deal that Trump proposed regarding DACA and the Wall. It states “ in the deal he outlined on Saturday, Mr trump offered to restore T.P.S protection for 300,000 people and said he would allow 700,000 Dreamers to keep their protections for three more years in exchange for 5.7 million for a border barrier”. Trump is basically saying that the only way he would keep DACA is if 5.7 million dollars were put to use for the wall he really wants around Mexico. Trump is saying that he’ll do something good for DACA and extend it But he has to get money for the wall and it doesn’t make sense because the wall and DACA are not related in any way and Trump is using it as an excuse to get his wall which is pathetic.

This Article is for anyone who reads the New York Times but mostly people who are DACA recipients or anyone who has in interest on DACA. This source is good to listen to because it’s good to be informed about the “proposals “ Trump wants to make regarding DACA and what he is willing to do to protect it. What I learned about my Question from this source is that The only way we’ll get a good deal on DACA is if Trump gets something worth it in return.

Economic Impact on the US

On a nbcnews article written by Elizabeth Chmurak she talks about the economic impact the United States would have if we lost DACA workers. In the article is states” we expect in the next 10 years if we allow the DACA recipients to remain in the United States, that would add an extra $350 billion to the economy compared to them to excluding them from being able to work legally”. Keeping the program would benefit its economy so much so if they decide to take it away the U.S would be losing a load of money and that’s not what they want. With Dreamers being able to work they would be paying a lot of tax money and the Federal government would be gaining from it.

Reading this article helped understand the reason why not only it’s good for dreamers to have daca but for the whole United States economy. It’s beneficial to all not just to one specific group of people. This source helped me with my question because I know now that they have to do something for DACA because it just would not help the government in any way if they don’t do anything.

Health problems on Dreamers kids

A Stanford research by Milenko Martinovich who is the deputy Director of social science communications at Stanford university wrote about how ending the program could effect the children of daca recipients. It states “ in comparing groups of children whos mothers were either eligible or ineligible for daca protection, we focused on adjustment and anxiety disorders because they involve usually intense reactions to a life stressor and for a child, worrying that any day your parent could be targeted for deportation a source of severe stress” what he is saying is that if kids are afraid that their mothers can be taken away from them at any moment and that’s all they’re thinking about can really trigger them and they will feel constantly stressed. The people who may read this source can be people who care about family separation, DACA recipients who have children. The audience could also be people who go to Stanford and read the school papers.

In conclusion what I’ve learned about my research is that In the future if the Supreme Court decides to not keep DACA or if they do keep it there is a lot of supporting evidence for both. After doing all my research my opinion on why DACA should still stand grew even stronger. Reading all the reasons why it would be best to keep it made me feel so much stronger about the topic.

How do we Introduce a Third Party to American Politics?

American politics is dominated by a two-party system which is beginning to lose popularity, maybe it’s about time we introduce a third party? Republicans and the Democrats have always had a long-lasting feud and sometimes rarely being bipartisan on policies. Americans need a third party to get behind when they disagree with both parties and have comfort in running to one that would have a significant voice in the government.

To qualify as a political party, it all comes down to how the state governs ballot access. According to the Federal Election Commission, it all differs from federal and state representation as you have to gain political party status after meeting state criteria. “While the laws differ from state to state, they generally all require a nonmajor party to demonstrate sufficient voter support—such as by filing a petition for party recognition signed by a representative number of voters—in order to qualify for ballot access in the general election.” Claiming you’re a political party without a sufficient amount of supporters is inaccurate and improper. The Federal Election Commission is an independent government agency whose purpose is to enforce campaign finance law in United States federal elections. The FEC was created during 1975 by Congress and it has jurisdiction over the United States. The current commissioner for the FEC is Ellen L. Weintraub whose affiliation is with the Democratic Party. However, the chair for the FEC is pretty divided as some seated members are Independent or even Republican.

The FEC is pretty important and cannot be affiliated with any party within the government and its main mission to primarily investigate finance abuse by setting limits. You’re required to register your political party with the FEC, “when they raise or spend money over certain thresholds in connection with a federal election.” The FEC tells me what’s required for an organization to even claim political party status within a state and the criteria they specifically have to meet. This sets standards and boundaries so gaining status wouldn’t be abused or thrown away. If a committee can demonstrate they’re capable of gaining national status, the FEC will decide if they gained enough activity to even gain status. If a state wants to only participate in state and/or local elections, they’re not legally bound to register with the FEC, however, state laws will still determine if they meet the criteria to even show up on the ballot as a choice.

Third parties already exist within the United States, but they’re so poorly represented and can’t even rack up electoral votes anymore. Wikipedia can provide information on every third party that’s currently active, inactive, or even state-only parties that only stick with state and/or elections, like the “Rent is Too Damn High Party” which is based in New York City and wouldn’t qualify for federal elections. Wikipedia provides up-to-date information on specific topics and maintains a neutral standpoint as its purpose is to provide facts, not biassed opinions. Biographies, descriptions, questions answered, etc. Wikipedia is owned by Wikimedia Foundation, which was founded by Jimmy Wales, an internet entrepreneur, and Larry Sanger, an online community organizer and philosophy professor, in 2001. Jimmy Wales is pretty left-leaning as he signed an open letter to American voters, along with eleven business leaders, to not vote for Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election. Larry Sanger’s party affiliation is unknown, however, Wikipedia is also run by volunteer contributors that assist in correcting information on pages.

Some may refute Wikipedia as a valid source and say some information is made up, but not just anyone can change the information on a page, it has to be verified. Wikipedia’s mission is to spread knowledge and help people with educating. The list provided by Wikipedia to show the number of third parties in the United States and what they are do not include independents as they’re just centrists with either left or right-leaning. The source also provides the presidential votes they acquired in the 2016 election along with any state legislators that won an election. The only parties that have a significant amount of registrations, which are people who registered their support for their respective parties, are the Libertarian, Green, and Constitution Party. The Libertarian Party exceeds 500,000 registered voters, the Green party has around 250,000 registered voters, and the Constitution Party has nearly 100,000 registered voters, these three parties are the only third parties that have the highest amount of registered voters.

The need for a third party to be introduced as a major political party is heavily needed in modern American politics and the voice for one isn’t quiet whatsoever. The two major parties currently dominating American politics consist of the Republicans and the Democrats. Gallup News, a pretty fair unbiased news organization, provided a poll displaying the support for a major third political party amongst Americans. “A majority of Americans, 57%, say there is a need for a third, major political party, while 38% of Americans believe the current two-party system does an adequate job of representing the people. These views have been consistent since 2013.” The percentage has been significantly higher than 50% for the past years the poll has been conducted throughout. Gallup began conducting this poll around 2003 which was reversed and the public supported the idea that the two-party system is sufficient enough for American politics. RJ Reinhart, the person who wrote the article and conducted the poll, is an analyst, writer, and editor for Gallup and Gallup’s Higher Education and Government Divisions. Reinhart is in opposition with Trump, in regards to his tweets/retweets of key critics of Trump. Reinhart is biased with his politics, which lean left, however, this doesn’t affect the integrity of the poll.

A want for a third party isn’t determined by your political party affiliation, but what you seek in a third party. “Independents are, not surprisingly, the political partisan group most supportive of a third party. Seventy-two percent of political independents support a third major political party. Independents have consistently been most supportive of a third party.” The poll conducted by Gallup occurs every 3 years and ever since the poll in 2012, support for a major third political party maintained a fluctuation of 50-60%. A third major political party would allow for more room of debate and representatives from each local election engaging in the republic.

An interview conducted by NBC news that interviews a Libertarian candidate running for governor in the state of New York provides reasoning as to why third parties ultimately cannot win. NBC news maintains a predominant liberal standpoint, especially with one of their anchors, Rachel Maddow. The interviewer who interviewed Larry Sharpe, the Libertarian candidate, is Simone Boyce, who’s left-leaning according to her tweets which oppose Trump but show support for Democratic presidential candidates, like Andrew Yang. However, her bias is hard to unveil as she maintains composure and doesn’t leak out her bias so easily. Boyce conducts the interview pretty professionally and even provides context outside the interview as to why third parties fail. Sharpe even explains his acknowledgment of possibly failing or not winning the governorship, but is not willing to give up so easily and is optimistic about it. A candidate that visits towns other big candidates for the two major parties wouldn’t visit, going live on social media plenty of times, and interacting with the public is a good way to gain recognition and support.

Sharpe stands for legalizing marijuana and wants to maintain rights to gun owners, which appeases both left and right wings. Not to get confused as an Independent, but a Libertarian exercises ultimate freedom to their rights and refuses to have a government tell them what they do. However, not complete anarchy, unless you’re far there in the political compass, but don’t want a limit of their rights. Sharpe acknowledges that if people see you’re neither Democrat or Republican, you shouldn’t even be looked at. Sharpe calls politics a rich man game, and he is not wrong, you only lead in polls if your political establishment backs you or if you’re wealthy. The biggest barrier he claims is the system itself as it’s mainly a two-party government. Money could be the biggest problem but refuted by Donald Green, who’s a political science professor at Columbia University, claims it’s the actual government system that gives no benefits to parties in second or third place. The interviewer sums it up by introducing Duverger’s Law which if you award one office, you have two parties vying for that aforementioned office.

Third parties are poorly represented and lack the capability of gaining significant strides in local to federal elections, however, such stride can be made. Being more exposed to third parties and what criteria they need to meet to even show on a ballot requires so much patience, effort, and funding. Living in a two-party system, where Republicans and Democrats are what dominant the government, proves difficult for a third party. I align with the Constitution party and believe we do need a third major political party as I don’t agree with the GOP as I feel abandoned, and I don’t align with the Democratic party in any way. I still want to know why third parties are so poorly represented and why Republicans, Democrats dominate the political system for over a century while there have been third party strides in the past.

Hey everyone– rough drafts of Unit Two are due on Tuesday (Intro, Reviews of all four sources and conclusion) PLEASE BRING A PAPER COPY AND POST TO OPEN LAB.

Final draft is due before Prof. Coughlin’s class on Thurs!

What am I going to be looking for?

• INTRO: (short, but hooks the reader and tells us what question you are investigating)

• FOUR SEPARATE REPORTS—EACH ON A DIFFERENT SOURCE:  (at least 300 words each. Probably 2-4 paragraphs each. This is an estimate of paragraphs, not a rule!) Each source should tell me:
• What that source IS (who wrote it, what publication it’s in, who the intended audience is)
• What the source’s biases are—remember, having biases doesn’t mean a source isn’t credible, it just means that the writer or publication has opinions. That’s okay, but it’s important to know them!
• If the source is worth listening to—and why or why not?
• What you learned from that source about your question

• CONCLUSION—this is where you put your ideas together. What did you learn from your research? What questions do you have for further research—things you want to know more about? How did your opinions change and grow?

• Throughout, I will be looking for TEA—Topic/ Evidence/ and Analysis. This isn’t just a formula! Each paragraph should have a topic, or a point. And when you make a point, you need to back that point up with evidence that proves that point. The analysis is the place where you explain the evidence to your reader—why did you chose that evidence? What does it have to do with your research question and the topic of your paragraph?

   People with autism always have an interest that is what they think about and relate every scenario to. In the netflix show Atypical the main character is autistic and he is very interested in penguins and antártica. When he confronts situations in his everyday life he compares it to a penguin it relaxes him and helps him better understand the situation and what he should do. When he decided he was ready to start dating he compared himself to the penguin male and how they find a partner. He saw how penguins get attention from the female penguins and assert their dominance and so he did the same he changed his appearance. He even made desserts for the person he was trying to make his partner. He wasn’t doing it because of how he felt he did it because it was what penguins did when they are ready to mate.As you can see penguins take a big part in his life and is very important to him. I see this as a comfort zone for him.

 In this show, you get to see how and why he makes his every move. This autistic kid being the main character helped understand what might be going on inside an autistic person’s mind. When it comes to the interest we just don’t see that he likes penguins we see that he relates and helps him to cooperate with his everyday life. It shows how he is always thinking about it and it calms him down.

     Aside from having trouble with social interaction people with autism have different ways of communicating. In this article hannah a kid with autism she communicates by typing. “ a girl though to be incapable to read of write wrote i love mom” In this case the specialist were worried this girl couldn’t communicate but what they found out was that she can just in a different way. This girl was stocked up on information. Later on she was asked, “ Do you have a photographic memory? Hannah typed yes”. These people have abilities we just can see it’s all inside their minds. How they think and process information like hannah she has a photographic memory. Do most autistic people have a photographic memory? I would like to know. Hannah was given a worksheet with 30 math problems and got all 30 right in an instance. This shows how she remembers everything she sees.The reason for this is that “ autistic children tend to have the brain of a 13 year old.” This shows how quick they are in tune with the world already full of knowledge with everything they see they analyze it.

Now that we are getting deep into the brains of autistic children. Autistic kids brains start growing rapidly since the start. “ they experience rapid expansion since the age of 2” Since the age of 2 they start to analyze and process information. People with autism have high levels of anxiety. “High levels of anxiety seen is as many as 80% of people with autism.” their brains growing so rapidly processing and analyzing can be a reason for this anxiety. “ local areas tend to be over connected” Their brains function differently than ours. This means that when they are thinking their brain doesn’t really work together since it’s over powered.

My question of topic is why is the United States intervening in foreign affairs around the world with using the U.S military. The question on everyone’s mind is is why are we intervening in conflicts around the world. Judging the fact that many people considered the United States as being the world police . It’s been playing this role since the beginning of the 20th century and after world war 1 when the U.S intervene for the first time in the fight against Germany . Some points lead to preserving the national interest or “ preemptive self defense”. As this shows that the United States is being the lead power of the world as also being part of major organizations and alliances like NATO and the United Nations . As this proves of how the U.S is stretching it’s foreign policy . But what are the effects of intervention . Some main effects are the amount of money the U.S spends on the military and the amount of money that was spend on wars the Us fought in . The war which the US spend the most was World War 2 . But after reading these sources I agree to the fact that the U.S is acting as world police and it’s duty to stop conflicts around the world and stretching its influence around the world getting involved in foreign  affairs to assist or help nations who are struggling to progress or stopping conflicts that would concern the safety and the national security interest of the United States . Now people are wondering of how long is this gonna keep up and what is the U.S planning on in the future regarding foreign policy and playing the role of the world police .

Part of my concern is about the legitimacy about American involvement what do I mean by that ? I mean by how experts and everyday citizens view Americas foreign policy . Also by how confident people have for the U.S government . Discussing the principles and the main purpose of why are we getting involve into foreign affairs . And also how the rest of the world feel about  United States  foreign policy and conducting better public diplomacy with other nations .

 

 

The fourth source I am using is an activist that goes by the name. Shaun King. He is an American Writer, a civil rights activist. He is known for many Black Lives Movement Matters, born and raised in Kentucky he has a big impact on social media’s moving forward in many cases such as the Cyntonia Brown case and the Rodney Reed case. He is known and he is trusted. He is known for getting big celebrities like Rihanna and Kim Kardashian to go ahead and sign petitions for a recent case following Rodney Reed. Since he has been following the Rodney Reed case, a recent case that has a lot to do with the 8th amendment Cruel and unusual punishment cases many people have signed and petitioned to remove the death penalty for a crime this man did not commit. When you go on Shaun King’s page there are many posts spreading the word for everyone to sign the petition, to have the punishment removed.R deny reed has been on death row for 20 years and another incarcerated victim has pled guilty for the crime committed. Rodney Reed’s case is now high profile Rodney Reed has been scheduled for execution which is a cruel and unusual punishment, especially if he is innocent. Shaun King has been trying to get everyone to sign and support to have this punishment taken away. Incarcerated for 20 was convicted of killing a woman in the year 1996. People have come forward with new evidence regarding the innocence of a Rodney Reed. I trust Shaun Kings’ Instagram post because he is reliable and ever since he jumped onboard many celebrities have signed ad cam forward to support.

We all know about the infamous El chapo and how he is serving his time. My question focuses on cruel and unusual punishment. El Chapo once led a high profile murderous drug cartel before he was incarcerated. El chapo has killed an estimated 2000-3000 people even while on the inside. Inmates can suffer from being in distress. Although El chapo is not the best person alive. He does not have to be taken advantage of while in government hands. As it states in the text

Aisse Tounkara

           Professor Hall

        This Source has a lot to contribute to my topic. My topic question is how preconceived notions of African Americans lead to police brutality. This source from the American Psychological Association will help me determine what the real issue is with the police when it comes to African Americans v White Americans. This topic that im doing is a very broad topic and narrow it down I chose implicit bias, it’s trainings and how police officers are told to police in different neighborhoods. It is very useful because this is real life that is happening. We could teach officers better approach when coming into these neighborhoods. In the article it states “Glaser says police departments are eager for solutions that will reduce racial disparities and know exactly what the stakes are”. This is telling me that they see this as an issue and know what extent it can get too. This whole article is based on opinions formed by police beforehand without adequate evidence. Most times a personal belief or judgement. More than likely when a police officer sees a black man even move his hands he shoots because he sees that person as a threat to him and to society as well. As opposed to a white man armed with a gun. What’s interesting to me is that it’s not just police officers it also citizens too. For example in the text is says “ A large proportion of white Americans have these implicit biases and thoughts already which makes it hard to expect officers to be different”. This source from the American Psychological Association is more likely to be a primary source. They themselves have done a lot of research. They see the differences in policing in a black neighborhood and white neighborhood and what the actual outcome is always going to be.