Low key: In a low-key painting, the majority of values are darker then middle gray. Light values are saved as accents to highlight the important elements in the painting. Low-key paintings feel mysterious and contemplative.
high key:In a high-key painting, the majority of values are in the lighter than middle gray. Then, dark accents are used to lead the eye around the important areas of the painting. High-key paintings feel light and airy.
Source:https://spencerhallam.blogspot.com/2011/02/low-key-vs-high-key-paintings.html
narrow range and broad range in regards to value: Prismatic narrow/broad range value, the top representing a range of narrow prismatic color value while the bottom represents patterns of a more broad range of prismatic color.
Source:https://openlab.citytech.cuny.edu/dcintron-eportfolio/2013/11/11/prismatic-narrowbroad-range-value/
texture density: gradient is the distortion in size which closer objects have compared to objects farther away. It also involves groups of objects appearing denser as they move farther away. Also could be explained by noticing a certain amount of detail depending on how close something is, giving a sense of depth perception.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texture_gradient
gouache ɡwäSH,ɡo͞oˈäSH :a method of painting using opaque pigments ground in water and thickened with a glue like substance
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Source: Google.com