Referring to ching book in reinforced concrete beams which they are designed to act together with longitudinal and web reinforcement in resisting applied forces with a specific beam depth. And in concrete colums which are designed to act together with vertical and lateral reinforcement in resisting applied forces. Also he mentioned the reinforced concrete columns which are usually cast with concrete beams and slabs to form a monolithic structure. In addition for the precast concrete slabs, beams, and structure tees are one way spanning units that may be supported by sitecate concrete, precast concrete and many others. steel has a special way of connections and it has 10 of them and it has different shapes such as the S shape, W shape, C shape and a construral tube. He have also talked about the Masonry Bonding which is basically on how to place or organise the pattern of the structure.