India’s huge size and diverse geography make its Climate highly variable. This country has six main climate categories that contribute to its climatic variation. The southern region—Kerala and parts of Karnataka—has a tropical wet climate (United Nations, n.d.). This area has year-round high temperatures and abundant precipitation. Central and northern India have tropical wet and dry climates. The rainy and dry seasons are distinct (Brahmananda Rao et al., 2021). The Southwest Monsoon causes heavy rain from June through September. The dry season, from October to May, is cooler and drier. Gujarat, Rajasthan, and the Deccan Plateau have semi-arid climates. Summers are hot, and winters are frigid in these places. Rajasthan’s west is arid (Salunke et al., 2023). Summer heat and scant rainfall define this area
The Indo-Gangetic lowlands and northern India are subtropical and humid. Summers are hot, monsoons are wet, and winters are mild. Alpine climates dominate the Himalayas (Monsoon & Gupta, n.d.). The winters in these areas are cold and snowy. India’s Southwest Monsoon, from June to September, is a major weather trend. Precipitation keeps agricultural and water resources alive. (Yale Program on climate change communication, 2022). However, certain regions may flood.
