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Biology II Lab Notes

Biology II Lab

pg 163 - 167

pg.163

The anus, an opening under the tail, is part of what system in the body? Digestive

The oral cavity is the space in the mouth that contains the tongue and the teeth. What system of the body includes the tongue and teeth? Digestive

pg.164

Explain why it is correct to say that the air and food passages cross in the pharynx. Because the air and food passages cross the back of the throat

pg.166

The larynx, or voice box, is the part of trachea, or windpipe, which leads to the lungs.

The glottis is the opening to the trachea in the pharynx. The trachea is held open by cartilaginous rings. Why is that advantageous? Because it’s part of the respiratory.

The esophagus opens into the pharynx but it travels through the neck region and through the diaphragm to reach the stomach. Is the esophagus located ventral to or dorsal to the trachea? Ventral to the trachea

pg.167

The heart pumps the blood into attached arteries, blood vessels that take blood away from the heart. The heart is surrounded by the pericardial membrane which prevents friction between organs. The heart is part of which system. Cardiovascular System

The trachea divides into the bronchi, which enter the lungs. The lungs are enclosed by pleural membrane. The lungs are a part of which system in the body? Respiratory System

Trace the path of air in the respiratory system from pharynx to lungs. Pharynx, glottis, lungs.

Test III

Cardiovascular System in Vertebrates

pg.137

Chapter 23

Protostome, mouth develops before the anus in the embryo

Deuterostome, anus develops before the mouth in the embryo

Cephalization (the development of the head region)

Earthworm

- Movement (Contraction of the first muscle and longitudinal muscles allow the earthworm to move forward)

- Hearts (5 Hearts)

- Reproduction: Clitellum (Used for sexual reproduction)

Chapter 24

pg.123

Postanal Tail

Chordates animals that posses the following:

Notochord (a skeletal rod that gives a body structure)

Dorsal Tubular Nerve Cord (made of brain and spinal cord)

Pharyngeal Pouches (for embryonic development of vertebrates)

Chapter 25

pg.169

Anatomy of Fetal Pig

(know all the organs)

Primate "Thinking" Brain

(New Cortex Brain Region)

Mammalian "Feeling" Brain

Reptilian "Instinctive" Brain

Spine is connected to the brain for information to travel

Sensory Nerve

pg.204

5. Move the pencil toward you until the end is out of focus. Measure the distance in centimeters between the pencil and your eye. 9 centimeters

pg.

lab book info notes

pg214

5. Vas Deferens

Bio Lab Test III

Ch 23 - 25

pg.137

Cardiovascular System in Vertebrates

Ventricle - Pumps out blood (2 lower chambers)

Atrium - Receives Blood (2 upper chambers)

Fish - 2 Chambers

Frog - 3 Chambers (2 atriums, 1 ventricle)

Bird - 4 Chambers  (2 atriums, 2 ventricles)

Chapter 23

Protostome, mouth develops before the anus in the embryo

[D]euterostome, anus develops before the mouth in the embryo

Cephalization, the development of the head region

Earthworm

- Movement (Contraction of the first muscle and longitudinal muscles allow the earthworm to move forward)

- Hearts (5 Hearts)

- Reproduction: Clitellum (Used for sexual reproduction)

Chapter 24

pg.123

Vertebrates = Chordates

Chordate animals posses the following:

Notochord (a skeletal rod that gives a body structure)

Postanal Tail (tailbone)

Dorsal Tubular Nerve Cord (made of brain and spinal cord)

Pharyngeal Pouches (for embryonic development of vertebrates)

Chapter 25

pg.169

Anatomy of Fetal Pig

functions of the liver bile production excretion storage of glycogen command minerals and blood purification

(know all the organs)