TO: Professor Jason W. Ellis
FROM: Tasnuba Anika
DATE: Sept 18, 2020
SUBJECT: 500-Word Summary
Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the fields of the computer science that highlights the fabrication of intelligent machine that performs different tasks and acts like humans. There are many artificial intelligence methods like fuzzy expert systems, Bayesian networks, artificial neural networks, and hybrid intelligent systems are playing significant role in health care.
AI in medicine are divided into two categories such as virtual and physical. The virtual section deals with securing patient’s medical history into an electronic database or providing neural network-based recommendation to the physicians. The neural networks on computer process information and can suggest solution to the critical problems like human brain. Using robots for surgeries, intelligent prostheses for disable people are the physical usage of AI.
Computers can identify patient’s health problems in two different ways. One is flowchart style and the other one is database. In the flowchart style doctors must provide the common syndromes and diseases that patients usually experience into machine-based cloud networks. Afterwards when the physician put the syndromes in the machine that a patient is facing, it shows what kind of disease that patient has. However, this approach of diagnosing patient’s sickness is not very useful. Sometimes the machine cannot spot the illness. On the other hand, database technique has proven to be very functional. As it deploys the object identification systems. In this system computers are fed thousands of clinical or radiological images, different types of diseases and symptoms. In this way computers can recognize patient’s illness with 75% accuracy.
The usage of AI is very broad in medical field. AI has been utilizing in online scheduling, digitalization of medical records, prescribing medicine dosage, immunization dates for children and pregnant women and so on. Computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) is getting popular in assessing mammography. In CAD process it indicates whether the screening has been done appropriately or not. It also points out negative tests in X-rays or MRIs specially in hospitals which have fewer staffs. Moreover, there is a system called Germwatcher which spots and examine germs and infections. With help of an online course called AI-therapy now patients can treat social anxiety. Besides that, doctors are now using robotic arms that can imitate human hand movement and provides 3D view with zooming options. Robotic arms help surgeons to perform precise surgical cuts. In addition, health trackers like Fitbit and apple track human activities like heart rate, sleeping and so on. In this way doctors could get better insight of patients’ health.
The use AI is rapidly increasing for which physicians and medical trainees should get themselves familiarized with the modern technologies and get trained properly. As the author in this article mentioned “The goal should be to strike a delicate mutually beneficial balance between effective use of automation and AI and the human strengths and judgment of trained primary care physicians.” This is basic since AI totally supplanting people in the field of medication is a worry which may somehow, or another hamper the advantages which can be gotten from it. Machines can never perform critical thinking, creativity, or emotional intelligence like human. That is why patients would still need doctors to treat their disease.
References
Amisha, Malik, P., Pathania, M., & Rathaur, V. (2019). Overview of artificial intelligence in medicine. Journal of Family Medicine & Primary Care, 8(7), 2328–2331. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_440_19
