Qatar is a small peninsular country entirely surrounded by the Persian Gulf and sharing its only land boundary with Saudi Arabia toward the south (Al-Ansary, 2021). Despite having an average annual precipitation of 7.5 cm and an arid climate, the country’s karst topography has undergone considerable development with over 9700 depressions found within its 11,586 km2 area (Orndorff, 2021). The approximate geographic locations for Qatar are 25.276987 latitude and 51.520008 longitude. Qatar features a flat landscape composed of sandy desert that transitions into a limestone plateau in the eastern central region. Western and Northern shores, hills climb to approximately 130 feet, with Abū al-Bawl Hill standing as Qatar’s tallest point at 103 meters (Anthony, 2023). The Southern and Southeastern regions are characterized by features such as sabkhahs, sea flats, and dunes.
Qatar verdant areas, included in the Northern regions benefit with higher rainfall, man-made green zones (QMF, 2023). Doha, the nation’s largest city and capital, rests on the Eastern shores of the Persian Gulf (Kumar, 2023). Serving as the nation’s primary political, economic, administrative, and commercial nucleus, Doha and its vicinity house takes up the majority of Qatar’s population. The political landscape of Qatar comprises municipalities, further divided into administrative units. Among them are Al Khawr, Al Wakrah, and Ad Dawhah. Qatar Standard Time (QST), which aligns three hours ahead of UTC on the global time scale (LC, 2013).
Figure 1: Map of Qatar
