ENG 1121 Composition 2, Fall 2024, Section D536

Author: Caleb

Caleb Aryeetey’s PSA

October 15, 2024 / / 0 Comments

BRAINSTORM

  1. Will AI automation cause job losses?

  2. Autonomous Weapons Powered By AI

  3. Will AI change our perception of information?

      4.  Will AI protect us?

5.  Social Manipulation Through AI Algorithms

PSA’s

https://www.gzeromedia.com/ai/be-very-scared-of-ai-social-media-in-politics

https://www.smartcitiesdive.com/news/smart-city-technology-quality-of-life/525495/

 

ARTICLES

  1. https://news.northeastern.edu/2022/04/01/deepfakes-fake-news-threat-democracy/

 

2. https://futureoflife.org/open-letter/open-letter-autonomous-weapons-ai-robotics/

 

Week 3: Body text, generative AI Versions, and comparison essay

 

Version 1: My Own Writing

Title:  Autonomous Weapons Powered By AI

This new technological era, is very important to discuss the involvement  of autonomous weapons powered by artificial intelligence also known as (AI). This type of systems are capable of making life and death decisions without human intervention, present both potential benefits and significant risks as well. Also, imagine a world and future where decisions about life and death are made in the blink of an eye and not by humans but rather by machines. This can cause severe harm to humanity in a sense that we will be faced with threats from robots that are have been programmed by man which can cause errors and leave people in critical life and death conditions. Example an Automated weapon can make an error and target the wrong civilian or wrong target which can cause casualties, since there decisions made by the algorithms had mistake or the training data had an error in it.
Version 2: ChatGPT #1
Attention Citizens:
As we stand on the brink of a new technological era, it’s crucial to discuss the implications of autonomous weapons powered by artificial intelligence (AI). These systems, capable of making life-and-death decisions without human intervention, present both potential benefits and significant risks. Autonomous weapons are military systems that can select and engage targets without direct human control. They utilize AI algorithms to analyze data, make decisions, and execute actions, all at speeds far beyond human capabilities. The deployment of these weapons could lower the threshold for war. Nations may be more inclined to engage in conflict if they believe autonomous systems will reduce human casualties on their side. The absence of human judgment in critical situations could lead to catastrophic outcomes. Ensuring meaningful human oversight is essential to prevent disastrous decisions made by machines.

APA Citation:  OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 20 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat

Version 3: ChatGPT #2
As we stand on the brink of a new technological era, it’s crucial to discuss the implications of autonomous weapons powered by artificial intelligence (AI). These systems, capable of making life-and-death decisions without human intervention, present both potential benefits and significant risks. Autonomous weapons are military systems that can select and engage targets without direct human control. They utilize AI algorithms to analyze data, make decisions, and execute actions, all at speeds far beyond human capabilities. The deployment of these weapons could lower the threshold for war. Nations may be more inclined to engage in conflict if they believe autonomous systems will reduce human casualties on their side. The absence of human judgment in critical situations could lead to catastrophic outcomes. Ensuring meaningful human oversight is essential to prevent disastrous decisions made by machines. Educate yourself about the developments in AI and autonomous weapons. Understanding these technologies is the first step in advocating for responsible use. Participate in community discussions about the future of warfare and technology. Your voice matters in shaping public policy and ethical considerations. Support policies and treaties that seek to regulate the development and deployment of autonomous weapons. Engage with local and global leaders about the importance of ethical standards in military technology.
APA Citation: https://chatgpt.com/

Comparison Essay: at least 300 words

When I first started to draft my PSA I intended to bring to the awareness of the people and society and educate about the dangers and the benefits of Autonomous Weapons Powered By AI. The use of Autonomous weapons powered by AI is good on it own should in case the country is at war and needs this advanced technology to be able to fight and defend it people and country. These autonomous weapons are designed and coded by human beings which in turn can cause some malfunctional errors when it is been used and this could target the wrong person or country which can cause casualties. Why is this PSA relevant to everyone? This a question that I thought about myself, but the truth and reality of it is that, everyone should be educated and at least learned on this topic. The first PSA specifically is focused and directed to the Military, Government, Institutions that design Autonomous Weapons powered by AI and also Industries that build such weapons. Bringing to the attention of such activities by entities and the government can help them make and implement a more safer and better choices when creating and training these automated weapons so that we can be safe.

The first chat was engaging and helped me to really note down how my comparison to this second one is going to be interesting. Also since my PSA is about Autonomous Weapons Powered By AI the attention is more on the Military, Government, Institutions that design Autonomous Weapons powered by AI and also Industries that build such weapons is about the safety and also how dangerous such weapons can be if it is not used in the right purpose which it was made for or even when there is an error and malfunction it can harm the lives of people and even the country as a whole by glitching and targeting unwanted people and places causing casualties and damage. It is a good thing that automated weapon which can be  an air defense system can save a country or nation from damages and casualties example The Iron Dome was able to intercept all the air missiles that was been fired at Israel  and this clearly gives an example of the advantages of an Autonomous Weapons powered by AI.

The second writing for my PSA I found it to be more absorbing than the first one because of how the second one had details and examples of the advantages of such AI weapons.  Drones are mostly the new technology that has been produced that works efficiently with AI algorithms which can be remotely launched to a location miles away from its original location, without a human being controlling it. This device has already been programmed to use certain land marks or even satellites to locate where it is going and will go and do it damage or even cast a surveillance on a group of people or place. The second chat also highlighted the significance of using autonomous weapons powered by AI to protect a nation or even we individual humans as well. Overall, the tone in writing my PSA stayed consistent from the start talking about autonomous weapons powered by AI and also raising awareness about the advantaged and disadvantages of autonomous weapons powered by AI. It also sent a message and warning to how we should be open to learn and be more educated about the merits and demerits of autonomous weapons powered by AI.

Cornerstone sources:

https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/21/us/politics/drones-ai-weapons-war.html?searchResultPosition=2

https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/13/opinion/ai-drones-robot-war-pentagon.html?searchResultPosition=8

 

Week 4: Final PSA Poster, Final Reflection, APA References

Title:  Autonomous Weapons Powered By AI

Key Question:  Is The U.S. Military Ready for the New Era of Warfare?

PSA:

As we stand on the brink of a new technological era, it’s crucial to discuss the implications of autonomous weapons powered by artificial intelligence (AI). These systems, capable of making life-and-death decisions without human intervention, present both potential benefits and significant risks. Autonomous weapons are military systems that can select and engage targets without direct human control. They utilize AI algorithms to analyze data, make decisions, and execute actions, all at speeds far beyond human capabilities. The deployment of these weapons could lower the threshold for war. Nations may be more inclined to engage in conflict if they believe autonomous systems will reduce human casualties on their side. The absence of human judgment in critical situations could lead to catastrophic outcomes. Ensuring meaningful human oversight is essential to prevent disastrous decisions made by machines. This can cause severe harm to humanity in a sense that we will be faced with threats from robots that are have been programmed by man which can cause errors and leave people in critical life and death conditions. Example an Automated weapon can make an error and target the wrong civilian or wrong target which can cause casualties, since there decisions made by the algorithms had mistake or the training data had an error in it. Stay informed and educate yourself about the developments in AI and autonomous weapons. Understanding these technologies is the first step in advocating for responsible use.

[700 words]

Call-to-Action: We stand at a crossroads. It’s imperative for governments, tech companies, and global citizens to push for strict regulations and ethical guidelines to ensure that the deployment of autonomous weapons is carefully controlled and transparently governed. Join the conversation. Advocate for policies that prioritize human oversight and ethical considerations in the development and deployment of AI-powered weaponry. The future of warfare and indeed  humanity depends on it.

Read these articles to learn more about the potential merits and demerits posed by Autonomous Weapons Powered By AI

https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/10/opinion/war-ai-israel-gaza-ukraine.html?searchResultPosition=5

https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/13/opinion/ai-drones-robot-war-pentagon.html?searchResultPosition=8

https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/21/us/politics/drones-ai-weapons-war.html?searchResultPosition=2

A BROAD VIEW OF MY SURROUNDINGS BY CALEB ARYEETEY

September 29, 2024 / / 0 Comments

 

Name: Caleb Aryeetey

Course: English 1121 Composition 2 Section D536

Instructor: Professor Sean Scanlan

Topic: Photo Essay

Date: 9/24/2024

Writing Assignment Essay #1

 

                                                          A View of Bedford Park Blvd

Photographs have always been an effective way of communication and also a way which memorable events or activities are remembered. This is a clear broad day view of a busy area in the Bronx neighborhood. Bedford Park Blvd is a very busy area, where people pass each and every day to work, hospitals and school since Lehman College is only three minutes’ walk from the four-train station. This photo is an art also in this photo, the composition makes it one of a kind whereby the shapes and vantage point where by this photo was taking makes it intriguing for the framing of this picture. I also chose this photo because it has space, and also shows people and objects in motion. You can see the train tracks, people crossing the street, cars waiting for the traffic light to switch to green, to proceed movement and also some people filling their cars at the gulf gas station, whiles some people are having conversation beside the tree that is behind the gulf gas station. There is also an internet company named Verizon in the right side of the picture and also the proportions of this photo make it very interesting to analyze in a sense whereby you can see all these colorful objects and scenery which makes it fun to observe. There is also a gas station filled with cars. Not to forget there is a bird also flying in front of an incoming Nissan rouge which is approaching the traffic light.

 “Photographs bear witness to a human choice being exercised in a given situation”. “Also, a photograph is effective when the chosen moment it records contains a quantum of truth generally applicable which is revealing about what is absent from the photography as about what is present in it.” (5)  Berger, John. Understanding A Photograph, 2013

 

 

                A Broad View of the New York Subway 4 Train Line At Mosholu Parkway

This part of the Bronx has been always lively from the noise of cars, motorcycles and more from the train which runs every six to twelve minutes. This is photo is an art, the balance and composition of this photo makes it very interesting to look it. Also, you can see trains going at each direction with one going to the last stop, which is Woodlawn and the other facing the direction of new lots avenue. I like to observe the train tracks and how it moves on them with the pattern that it makes whiles it is moving. The view from which I took this picture makes me very aware of my surroundings and gives me an idea of what is going on, e.g., when the trains are not in service, I can see it even without checking on my phone for the notice same way when there is something happening somewhere in the city, I can also have a view of it like when there is a fire burning. There is also a white van in this photo that is parked and has a wet ground where people hand wash their cars and there is someone standing there. A lot of project buildings are in this neighborhood. In this photo also you can see the space and scale of how the photo is been taken not only that, but there is a train maintenance station and parking space where most of the trains are serviced not only the four train but others as well like the D and other many. The vantage point of the photographer makes the photo attracting. Cars are parked in the parking lot of a housing projects and also the blue building in the picture is a church and the building adjacent to the train tracks on the right is the building of the New York City Sanitations. The true content of a photograph is invisible, for it derives from a play, not with form, but with time. “One might argue that photography is as close to music as to painting. I have said that a photograph bears witness to a human choice being exercised” (P 9-11).

 

Views Of Jerome Park Reservoir And The George Washington Bridge

This picture taken in the sunny daytime is an art photo. This is the George Washington bridge, including the neighboring houses around Washington heights and Highbridge. The light which is been reflected by the sun unto the water and the wind blowing over it makes it look like a silver ripple. When you look closer to the bridge you can see cars moving on the bridge heading to New Jersey and also entering New York with a little bit of traffic. You can also see trees and plants around this place which makes it a very comfortable view to stare at, or go rest under the trees and get some shade and fresh air. Also, there is a baseball field in this photo, which is close by Lehman College which makes it more of an attraction site to visit for students and others. The empty space that is seen by the reservoir is a parking lot for cars. I chose this photo because of the calming feeling it gives when you stare at it because of how it is surrounded by nature. While I like all the three pictures, I prefer the second photo because it gives me more view of the neighborhood and how you get to see the trains and all these nicely built apartment and offices. The focus of this picture is also based on the water and the bridge. When you also look towards the bridge you can see a straight road and also a tall white building which is the Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

References Berger, J. (2013). Understanding a Photograph. In J. Dyer (Ed.), Understanding a Photograph: John Berger. (pp. 5) (pp. 9-11) Penguin. https://archive.org/details/understanding-aphotograph-john-berger/page/n3/mode/2up

Sontag, S. (2013) On Photography. In D. Rieff (Ed.), Susan Sontag:

Essays of the 1960s & 70s. The Library of America. https://openlab.citytech.cuny.edu/scanlan-english-1101-d333-spring2018/files/2018/03/Sontag-On-Photography.pdf

 

September 22, 2024 / / 1 Comment
A View of Bedford Park Blvd

Bedford Park Blvd is a very busy area, where people pass each and every day to work, hospitals and school since Lehman College is only three minutes walk from the four train station. This photo is an art also in this photo, the composition makes it one of a kind whereby the shapes and vantage point where by this photo was taking makes it intriguing for the framing of this picture. I also chose this photo because it has space, and also shows people and objects in motion. You can see the train tracks, people crossing the street, cars waiting for the traffic light to switch to green, to proceed movement and also some people filling their cars at the gulf gas station, whiles some people are having conversation beside the tree that is behind the gulf gas station. There is also a internet company named Verizon in the right side of the picture and also the proportions of this photo makes it very interesting to analyze. There is also a gas station filled with cars. Not to forget there is a bird also flying in front of an incoming Nissan rouge which is approaching the traffic light.

A Broad View of the New York Subway 4 Train Line At Mosholu Parkway

This part of the Bronx has been always lively from the noise of cars, motorcycles and more from the train which runs every six to twelve minutes. This is photo is an art, the balance and composition of this photo makes it very interesting to look it. Also you can see trains going at each direction with one going to the last stop, which is Woodlawn and the other facing the direction of New lots Avenue. There is also a white van in this photo that is parked and has a wet ground where people hand wash their cars and there is someone standing there. A lot of project buildings are in this neighborhood. In this photo also you can see the space and scale of how the photo is been taken not only that, but there is a train maintenance station and parking space where most of the trains are serviced not only the four train but others as well like the D and other many. The vantage point of the photographer makes the photo attracting. Cars are parked in the parking lot of a housing projects and also the blue building in the picture is a church and the building adjacent to the train tracks on the right is the building of the New York City Sanitations.

 

Views Of Jerome Park Reservoir And The George Washington Bridge

This picture taken in the sunny daytime is an art photo. This is the George Washington bridge, including the neighboring houses around Washington heights and Highbridge. The light which is been reflected by the sun unto the water and the wind blowing over it makes it look like a silver ripple. When you look closer to the bridge you can see cars moving on the bridge heading to New Jersey and also entering New York with a little bit of traffic. You can also see trees and plants around this place which makes it a very comfortable view to stare at, or go rest under the trees and get some shade and fresh air. Also there is a baseball field in this photo, which is close by Lehman College which makes it more of an attraction site to visit for students and others. The empty space that is seen by the reservoir is a parking lot for cars. I chose this photo because of the calming feeling it gives when you stare at it because of how it is surrounded by nature. While I like all the three pictures I prefer the second photo because it gives me more view of the neighborhood and how you get to see the trains and all these nicely built apartment and offices. The focus of this picture is also based on the the water and the bridge. When you also look towards the bridge you can see a straight road and also a tall white building which is the Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Teju-Cole’s “Perfect And Unrehearsed” Photo Essay By Caleb Aryeetey

September 10, 2024 / / 1 Comment

In Teju-Coles, photo essay my favorite photo is the Three boys in Liberia by Martin Munkacsi and Howard Greenberg Gallery. This type of photo is an art photo the reason for stating this is because you can see water and the sand. And also what was happening in the picture is a group of three friends who went to the beach to surf it, and they were both enjoying the water by running in and out of it chasing each other around for the fun of it. I can also express that they were all very happy enjoying the waves and scenery of the sea. The dominant expression in this photo was the fun and joy that they felt whiles doing this activity. I also noticed that they were racing each other to see who was going to get into the water first. I will say yes this photo tells a story of how three Liberian friends spent time to do fun activities that will make them happy and also help them make their friendship grow more stronger, because I can tell they were really enjoying the splashes of the water and the waves since it was a hot day.

 

 

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