CST Competency 6 – Biotechnology

Performance Expectations

The New York State Technology Education teacher understands the fundamental characteristics, tools, and processes used to maintain and improve biotechnology and environmental quality systems. The teacher demonstrates knowledge of the interrelationships between biotechnology; environmental quality; and economic, legal, ethical, and safety concerns. The teacher understands biotechnology and environmental quality systems and processes and applies principles of design, technology, engineering, science, and mathematics to biotechnology and environmental quality projects.

Performance Indicators

1. applies knowledge of biotechnology, including techniques and processes that use living organisms to make or modify products, to improve plants and animals, or to develop microorganisms for a specific purpose
2. identifies and analyzes characteristics of agricultural technologies, including technologies that aid in planting, growing, maintaining, and harvesting plants and animals
3. identifies and analyzes characteristics of medical technologies, including technologies associated with the development of prosthetics, vaccines, pharmaceuticals, and genetic engineering
4. demonstrates knowledge of tools, techniques, and processes to monitor pollutants, remediate polluted regions, and control further pollution and identifies characteristics of technologies designed to improve environmental quality
5. analyzes legal, economic, ethical, and safety concerns that influence the development and operation of technologies related to biotechnology and environmental quality

Summary

1) knowledge of biotechnology (p.628)
a. def: using biological agents in processes to produce goods or services
b. biological agents
i. microorganism: very small living things
ii. enzymes: a special group of proteins
iii. animal and plant cells
iv. catalyst: to cause a reaction rapidly or slowly.
2) Genetic engineering: a type of biotechnology used to create, improve, or modify plants, animal and microorganism.
• applies knowledge of biotechnology, including
o techniques and
 structure of DNA – a double helix (spiral) structure
 in biotechnology, enzymes are used to cut the DNA chains
 genesplicing: cut and paste DNA chains to produce an organism has a new set of traits
o processes that
o use living organisms to
 make or
 modify products,
• to improve plants and animals, or
• to develop microorganisms for a specific purpose
• characteristics of agricultural technologies
o identifies and
o analyzes characteristics of agricultural technologies,
 two types
• Crop production
• Animal husbandry
o including technologies that
 aid in planting,
• fertilizer: a liquid, powder, or pellet containing important chemicals
• crop: putting seeds or starter plants into the fields
o grain drill
 growing, maintaining, and
• pest-control
o chemical
 a liquid spray to control weeds and insects
o non-chemical
 cultivator
• irrigation
o flood irrigation: use a large quantity of water that advances across the fields
o furrow irrigation: use small ditches
o sprinkler irrigation
 harvesting plants and animals
• combine
o hydroponic
 the growing of plants in nutrient solutions without soil
o food technologies
 Drying
• Removing water by placing a food in sunlight
 Canning
• Heating a food in a vacuum-sealed container
 Curning and smoking
• Treating meat with salt and adding flavor
 Fermentation
• uses microorganisms to break down complex organic components into simpler substances
• e.g.) yogurt, cheese, cheese, yeast bread, soy source, and cucumber pickles
 Pasteurization
• uses heat to kill harmful microorganism
 Irradiation
• uses gamma rays or X rays to kill most molds and bacteria
 Preservatives
• Chemicals added to food in small amounts to delay the spoilage of the food and retain the quality of the food
• Medical technologies
o identifies and analyzes characteristics of medical technologies, including
 technologies associated with the development of prosthetics,
• diagnostic technologies
o X-Ray
o Computerized Tomography (CT)
 Rotates the scanner to capture the body images in 360 degrees
o Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
 Produce cross-sectional images of body
 Use magnetic waves
 vaccines,
 pharmaceuticals, and
 genetic engineering
• prosthesis
o an artificial body part
• demonstrates knowledge of
o tools,
o techniques, and
o processes
o to monitor pollutants,
o remediate polluted regions, and
o control further pollution and
• identifies characteristics of technologies designed to improve environmental quality
• analyzes
o legal,
o economic,
o ethical, and
o safety concerns that influence the
 development and
 operation of technologies related to
• biotechnology and
• environmental quality

Participants: Euisuk Sung, Jill Siruchek, Raul Bailon, Derek Calle, Ece Sangiray, Mohammed Islam

• CST Exam Registration: http://www.nystce.nesinc.com/TestView.aspx?f=HTML_FRAG/NY118_TestPage.html, the upcoming test dates are 11/8-12/5 and 1/31-2/27. Jill mentioned she is afraid of receiving the test result just before Christmas 12/22. The professor encouraged all club members to register for the exam for the upcoming two test periods.
• Reviewed book chapters 14~17
• Some knowledge questions are less relevant to the CST test because some contexts are outdated, questions are poorly constructed, and some are subjective.
• In Chapter 20, Lithography is the most common industrial printing method, which uses the principle that water and oil do not mix. Screen Printing is used to make T-Shirts printing.
• In Chapter 21, Figure 21-2 is one crucial concept in this competency.
• Chapter 22 contains a lot of essential concepts, electromagnetic waves, frequency, amplitude, types of signal, AM-FM, digital signal, and modulation – FDM and TDM.
• Chapter 23, knowledge questions asked the terms about the Internet, such as www, LAN, WAN, IP address, URL, IP Telephony, and HTML.
• Before closing, the professor emphasized that the owner of this study club is YOU, so each club member needs to take his or her responsibility which is at least to read the assigned chapters.

Next meeting: 11/11

Topic: Competency 5- Transportation, Chapters 24 ~ 28

Participants: Jill Siruchek, Marie Cross, and Euisuk Sung,

Time : 8-9 pm.

Reviewed Competency: Competency 3.

Book Chapters: 14, 15, 16, and 17. pp 270 – 361.

Each participant took on a chapter and did an activity that looks for answers in the Test Your Knowledge section at the back of the each section. In this process, if there are any terms that are unclear or need further explanations, we find the concept in the textbook and reviewed.
A total of 1 hour was used, and each chapter review did not exceed 20 minutes.
The next meeting is on 10/28, and we will focus on Competency 4. Therefore, next week, please read Competency 4 in the Test Framework first, then chapters 19-23. Even if you were unable to attend last night’s meeting, make sure you can still attend the next meeting so that you can prepare well for the important exam.

Cheers!

Next meeting date: 10/28

Readings: Chapters 19-23, Test Framework Competency 4

Zoom link:

https://us02web.zoom.us/j/8577405476

Meeting schedule: 8pm on 10/14, 10/28, 11/11, and 11/18

Chapters 14, 15, 16, 17

Chapter 14

Write your answers on a separate piece of paper. Please do not write in this book.

1. The three types of natural resources that are inputs to production systems are
   genetic materials, fossil fuel materials, and ______________.
2. We obtain genetic materials through farming, fishing, and forestry. True or false?
3. Fossil fuels are mixtures of carbon and hydrogen. True or false?
4. List the three main fossil fuel resources.
5. What is the main difference between fossil fuel resources and minerals?
6. Name a typical mineral.
7. What is the major challenge involved in obtaining genetic materials?
8. The process of gathering logs is called
9. What are the major challenges involved in obtaining fossil fuel materials?
10. Describe the method of seismographic study.
11. What is the difference between a potential field and a proven reserve?
12. Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel. True or false?
13. Name one type of mining used to obtain coal.
14. Name one way we can obtain minerals from water.
15. What is fluid mining?

Chapter 15

Write your answers on a separate piece of paper. Please do not write in this book.

1. List the three types of primary processes.
2. What kind of primary processing produces lumber?
3. Most lumber comes from softwood trees. True or false?
4. List the three types of cores used in plywood manufacture.
5. What kind of primary processing changes iron ore into steel products?
6. Steel is an alloy. True or false?
7. Pig iron is produced in a(n) _________________furnace.
8. Zinc-coated steel is called ______________.
9. Glass is produced by electrochemical means. True or false?
10. What is float glass?
11. List the three processes most petroleum refineries use.
12. What is fractional distillation?
13. What kind of primary processing produces aluminum?
14. Bauxite is the raw material for producing aluminum. True or false?
15. What is alumina?

Chapter 16

Write your answers on a separate piece of paper. Please do not write in this book.

1. List the five basic steps involved in casting and molding.
2. What is an expendable mold?
3. List two basic safety rules to observe when using casting processes.
4. Name the three ways we can make materials solid.
5. What is a material’s plastic range?
6. Name the three things all forming processes have in common.
7. What are mated dies?
8. Name one product shaped rolls produce.
9. Plastics and glass are formed hot, but ceramics are formed cold.
   True or false?
10. The two kinds of separating processes are machining and ______________-.
11. What are the three things all chip-removal processes have in common?
12. The two types of motion needed to make a cut are cutting motion and ____________motion.
13. List two basic safety rules to observe when using machine tools.
14. Burning gases to remove unwanted material from a workpiece is a nontraditional
    form of machining. True or false?
15. What are the three types of conditioning processes?
16. Name two kinds of bonding techniques.
17. Give one example of a mechanical fastener.
18. List two basic safety rules to observe when working with finishing processes.

Chapter 17

Write your answers on a separate piece of paper. Please do not write in this book.

1. List the two kinds of constructed works.
2. A condominium is a residential structure that the people living in it generally own.
   True or false?
3. Give two examples of a government building.
4. A home built in a factory is called a(n) ________________.
5. You should use spread foundations on wet or sandy soils. True or false?
6. The two types of floors in single-family homes are concrete slab or ________________.
7. What is a fascia board used for?
8. The two types of water systems that are part of a plumbing system are called and ______________.
9. The most common type of insulation is __________________.

Matching questions: For Questions 10 through 22, match each description on the left with the correct construction step on the right. (Note: Answers can be used more than once.)

10. __________________Sheathing the walls.
11. __________________Putting up drywall.
12. __________________Grading
13. __________________Putting in footings.
14. __________________Landscaping
15. __________________Putting in a heat pump.
16. __________________Installing a subfloor.
17. __________________Installing the roof.
18. __________________Driving in piles.
19. __________________Marking the building site.
20. __________________Placing floor joists.
21. __________________Adding baseboards.
22. __________________Installing a sidewalk.
23. What does the term grade mean, as used in this chapter?
24. Most railway bridges are beam bridges. True or false?
25. With cantilever bridges, the ends of the arms do not carry any of the load.
    True or false?
26. Tall dams holding back large quantities of water are called