Overview
Focusing on the interior space, and the performance of the building envelope with regards to providing comfort to the occupants, this module focuses on the quality and condition of the interior controlled environment – temperature, humidity, moisture, air quality, airflow, lighting, and acoustic properties. The building envelope is a system of assembled elements and spaces that are constructed together to regulate the interior environment from the exterior environment.
You will study the building envelope using the masonry cavity wall construction methods to develop an improved wall system. This module focuses on the design of the exterior wall assembly for the case study building, utilizing masonry as the primary material. Each student will develop a system for the exterior wall, document it in two and three dimensions, annotate its components to demonstrate their role in the assembly.
Federal Hall Exterior Wall Plan Detail:
Federal Hall Wall Section:
Federal Hall Axon at the Exterior Window Bay:
Supplemental text for this module: Architectural Graphic Standard by Francis Ching
This assignment introduces building assemblies that must be developed to enhance the subsequent modules in this Building Technology course.
Prerequisites include understanding of three-dimensional projection, material properties and modules, and completion of the required readings.
Due Dates
Final Module 2 drawings are to Pinned Up in class for Final Review for Class 10, scanned files due before Class 11.
Instructions
NOTE: All drawings to be 1″=1′-0″ scale on 11″x17″ sheets; the axon will need to be on a larger sheet of bond paper unless otherwise agreed with Professor Zhang
Final Deliverables:
- Plan Detail
- Wall Section
- Axon Detail
Progress with these steps:
- Start with the column bay from the case study floor plan (structural grid lines and primary guide lines).
- Develop the plan detail in the sequence of construction, laying out the structural column, building up the layers of material from the column, to the inside layers, and then building out the exterior layers based on masonry cavity construction.
- Study the layout of the window, interior window sill, and exterior window sill to bridge between the cavity to create the thermal break.
- Refine the line weights of the drawing, with special attention to the graphic hatch patterns .
- Using the plan detail as an underlay, begin development of the wall section by projecting the lines. Start with the reference lines (top of the finished floor, top of the interior window sill, bottom of the lintel, structural grid line). Keep in mind the section cut plane and using a lighter lineweight for the column bump out as the background.
- Pay attention to the indow sill and head conditions, similar to the plan detail in terms of the plane it will be located on the layers of the wall.
- Using the plan detail as an reference (using a 30 degree triangle), begin development of the axon starting with the reference/grid lines. Once the column grid is located, using the z-axis, start identifying the elevation to cut off the axon to start developing the layers and a peel away to reveal all the layers of the axon down to the exterior brick layer.
- Complete each of these drawings. Scan using the CamScanner app or flatbed scanner and format the file naming convention befure submitting (or email Professor).
Grading
For detailed information about how this assignment will be graded, refer to the Drawing Grading Rubric
| ApproachingBenchmark | Benchmark | Approaching Capstone | Capstone | |
| Lineweight Distinguishing elements especially cut lines (poche), grid lines, transparent elements, finishes | Lines are consistent thickness and quality, in the correct alignment | In addition, two line weights are distinguishable, including cut line | In addition, three or more line weights are distinguishable, including some finish textures | In addition, transparency is clear, centerlines, grid lines, dimension lines are shown w/ correct line type and line weight. |
| Drawing Organization and Accuracy Setting out of grid and the relationship of elements to the grid is accurate | Structural Grid is established | In addition, structural grid is dimensioned accurately and labeled correctly | In addition, major elements (walls, columns) are accurately placed in relation to the structural grid | In addition, all drawing elements are carefully located in relationship to centerlines and the structural grid |
| Construction / Guidelines Guidelines and constructions were utilized in the careful construction of each drawing | Guidelines are used for overall geometry of drawings | In addition, guidelines indicate orthographic projection for 3-d vignette construction. | In addition, guidelines indicate geometric center of spaces, perimeters of spaces, and grid locations of key elements | In addition, guidelines are accurate, working off of grid lines and centerlines to each major element and guiding alignments. |
| Envelope System The exterior envelope system is developed based on principles of exterior wall assembly. | General configuration of exterior wall and assembly is depicted | In addition, masonry modules and coursing is accurate | In addition, insulation and vapor barriers are correctly positioned | In addition, all elements of the assembly are properly labeled and annotated |
| Drawing Conventions + Coordination Standard methods of drawing and documentation of key data and elements are utilized and coordinated | Drawings are properly scaled and provided with a title including course #, student name, professor name, semester + year | In addition, detail drawings are referenced to each other using cut lines and tags | In addition, drawings are organized on sheet to ensure proper projection from plan to elevation to section detail | In addition, drawings are consistent and coordinated and indicate clear understanding of drawing types and layers of information |
Resources
- Tutorials
- Exemplary students work
Video Links
Here is a short video showing the construction of a concrete block bond beam used as a lintel over a window or door opening. This illustrates the condition over the window in the Section Drawing.
