On Wednesday, we will meet outside the entrance to the library on the 4th floor of the Atrium. One of our expert librarians will introduce the library and its useful research resources to you.
During the orientation to the library, we will have some time set aside to use the research tools that the librarian demonstrates to you. Your task during this part of class will be to use the Academic Search Complete database accessible from http://library.citytech.cuny.edu to look at articles relating to your field of study and your future career. Find at least one article that you would like to return to and read in detail as part of your research. In your notebook, write down information that will help you find the article again: itâs title, an authorâs name, the journalâs title, the issue number, the date, and the page numbers. If you have time, you can download the article and attach it to an email to yourself for safekeeping, or use the databaseâs built-in features to email a link or copy to your email address. Before our next meeting, write a 100 word summary of the article (or perhaps another that you find through further research in the database) in your own words followed by an MLA-formatted bibliographic entry using the guide available on the Purdue OWL website (https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/07/). Post this assignment as a comment to this blog post.
When Program Became Language: The Origins of The Linguistics Conception of Computer Programming, 1950-1960.
Programming in the 1950s and the 1960s was not as easy as how we are able to program machines and computers now. In, When Program Became Language: The Origins of The Linguistics Conception of Computer Programming, 1950-1960, the article explained the struggle of computer programming during the first two decades when programming originated. During the 1950s many computer programmers including computer engineers came together to make computer programs more easily to write, and English-like programing easily translated back to Machine Language. The article introduced Charles Babbage as the maker of the Analytical Engine, the first calculating machine, which started the notion of computers as well as other machines being program to do a specific task. The article further states about coding was how scientist creating the idea of the same programing being used on more than one machine. This idea seemed good at first, but two programmers by the name of J. Halcombe Lanniing, and Neal Zierler took the initiative to make this hypothesis real. They created some sort of compiler for IBM 704 one the first programmable computers that was able to do automatic coding. After this idea of the same program being on more than one computer came to reality more and more IBM 704 computers was being mass produced. Although in the 1950s computers was only used by the military, overtime more scientists, and mathematicians found new innovations for computers making them on the first generation of computer programmers and computer engineers. This article helped readers understand how hard it was to make programs in the 20th century. Without these scientist ideas, theories, and hypothesis, than programming wouldnât exist, not being able to create apps, games, and much more.
Work Cited
David Nofre. and Mark Priestley. and Gerard Alberts. “When Technology Became Language: The Origins of the Linguistic Conception of Computer Programming, 1950â1960.” Technology and Culture 55.1 (2014): 40-75. Project MUSE. Web. 22 Oct. 2015. .
When Architecture Was First Introduced
Architecture has been around for many years. Probably since the roman and Egyptian times. At the year of 200 BC Greek builders created cement as a metal structure. This cement was put in place of plaster and other types of weak material. At the time Egyptians used a different kind of cement called gypsum plaster and in Mesopotamia they used bitumen. There are many different types of architecture that have evolved over a period of time. In 3,050 BC to 900 BC ancient Egypt constructed very big triangular prism shaped like objects that are known as the Great Pyramid of Giza. These pyramids were build as burials for the pharaohs and nobles. The rectangular flat-roofed buildings, made of mud brick cover the burial chamber. Another type of architecture would be back in 527 to 565 AD where the roman empire has evolved a different sense of style. Instead of using stone, domed roofs, mosaics, and classic forms, they used brick. During that time, structures such as bridges and buildings with large domes were built.
Work Cited
Gascoigne, Bamber,âHistory of Architectureâ HistoryWorld. From 2001, ongoing. Architecture History. Prehistory to 1851 To Be Completed: 1-13. http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?. Web. 24 Oct. 2015
When Architecture Was First Introduced
Architecture has been around for many years. Probably since the roman and Egyptian times. At the year of 200 BC Greek builders created cement as a metal structure. This cement was put in place of plaster and other types of weak material. At the time Egyptians used a different kind of cement called gypsum plaster and in Mesopotamia they used bitumen. There are many different types of architecture that have evolved over a period of time. In 3,050 BC to 900 BC ancient Egypt constructed very big triangular prism shaped like objects that are known as the Great Pyramid of Giza. These pyramids were build as burials for the pharaohs and nobles. The rectangular flat-roofed buildings, made of mud brick cover the burial chamber. Another type of architecture would be back in 527 to 565 AD where the roman empire has evolved a different sense of style. Instead of using stone, domed roofs, mosaics, and classic forms, they used brick. During that time, structures such as bridges and buildings with large domes were built. Which out the different types of architecture nothing would have existed today. There are just many types of unique styles of building. Everywhere in the world, buildings that were created by famous architects are know for there creations and the history behind it.
Work Cited
Gascoigne, Bamber,âHistory of Architectureâ HistoryWorld. From 2001, ongoing. Architecture History. Prehistory to 1851 To Be Completed: 1-13. Web. 24 Oct. 2015
Nanofabrication, effects and sensors based on micro-electro-mechanical systems technology
Nanofabrication, effects and sensors based on micro-electro-mechanical systems technology
This article discusses how the recent improvements in electro mechanical technology have made it possible to much more easily make smaller technology. We are talking in terms of nanometers, just like in CPUs. With these recent developments, scientists have discovered that we can make nanowires and transistors in a much more larger scale. Nano-technology is also called MEMS, or micro-electro-mechanical systems. The article says that these MEMS technology are made with water etching, or using high pressure amounts of water, but they don’t require much water, because what we are making is small. These technologies are made with silicon, and each type of silicon has a different water etch rate in an alkaline solution, or no acidic solution. The nano technologies have also been tested for biological use, or use in the real world, and the great performance of these technologies is what convinced a large amount of the scientific community convinced that we can produce these at a larger scale.
Works Cited
Wang, Yuelin, Tie Li, and Heng Yang. “Nanofabrication, Effects And Sensors Based On Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems Technology.” Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, And Engineering Sciences 371.2000 (2013): 20120315. MEDLINE Complete. Web. 24 Oct. 2015.
New civil engineer
Becoming a civil engineer requires knowledge about different areas of the same like Design and construction of building and structures, transport planning, management of water resources and energy supply and environmental protection. These specific engineers must be effective in what they do because they are the ones in charge of most of the national build structures and should guaranty the safety of the people. As Technology advance, the knowledge of the people advances with the same i’m referring to the terms that people want always the best things. And there is when a civil engineer comes in to guide them and lead them to the best term for society, themselves in terms of cost and the environment as well. Civil engineer is an area that amplify the zones of political contact and in the same industry as well.
Work cited: “New Civil Engineer â the must read magazine for civil engineers”. New civil engineer NEC
7 March, 2009. Magazine. Web. Oct 25, 2015.
Communication Design
According to the article, âVisual communication: design studio education through working the Processâ Visual communication is an interdisciplinary field. The purpose of Communication design is to develop the ability to design towards creating an effective visual language and communicating with it. Students are exposed to an array of visual communication platforms adjusting them to current improvements in information technology and changing artistic values. The programs included in this field offers several models to develop visual communication design skills, some include in print, and in time-based and interactive media while encouraging the management of the design process. According to the article, âthe program combines theory, technology and practice accommodating visual design thinking and problem solving.â The main purpose of this department is the assessment of design through a complete analysis of the visual concept mixed with visual arts and design through practice oriented workshops and seminars. Students create their individual portfolios and their work is later presented nationally and internationally. They study things like typography, which combines words and images, and animation courses which introduces the studentsâ basic principles of motion under the structure of digital imagery and video processing. Students are introduced to new forms of media and interactivity in âremediation and technoculturesâ where sound design is implemented. Finally the design ends with graduation projects where skill and concept development are put to the test of visual communication design.
Work Cited
Adiloglu, Fatos, Visual communication: design studio education through working the process, 982-985.print
A Different Route to School
According to the article, “A Different Route to School,” getting a qualified teacher status (QTS) is getting more difficult and costly. In this article it states, “Why do we need qualified teachers when some get on perfectly well in the independent sector? It seems that it is currently better for those who desire to teach, but does not have the mindset of studying can just simply skip to working instead of studying for their degree. “Not having a QTS is not a hurdle that is inseparable.” This raises the question whether or not studying for a degree or a qualified teacher status is worth the time compared to jumping in and gaining experience. At the end of the day, training is the ultimate goal for many without a qualified teacher status.
Work Cited: Dave, Matthews. “A Different Route to School.” 12 Feb, 2015. Magazine
According to the Article, âSpotlighting the work and career of an everyday electronic design reader: a key factor in an engineer’s success and happiness is the establishment of lifelong relationships with capable and honest colleagues, corporate partners, suppliers, contractors, and customersâ by Joel M. He states that in the earlier parts of his career he was a simple designer for a company that made VME bus disk controllers, and he also helped customers integrate them into larger systems. He took the knowledge he gained from that job and went to start his own company making new electronics that at the time were the best on the market. All technical talk aside, what I really learned from this article is that when you understand the job that you do to the fullest then you can make it into not a job but a career that you enjoy. Joel enjoyed his job but he loves his career where he can create and be part of a successful enterprise that aids him in establishing lifelong relationships with people all around the world.
Citation:
Libove, Joel M. “Spotlighting the work and career of an everyday electronic design reader: a key factor in an engineer’s success and happiness is the establishment of lifelong relationships with capable and honest colleagues, corporate partners, suppliers, contractors, and customers.” Electronic Design 23 Aug. 2004: 104. Academic OneFile. Web. 25 Oct. 2015.
BEYOND THE IVORY TOWER: Constructing Complexity in the Digital Age
Over the years, architectâs has now used computer aid program to aid them at there work. Architect have expresses their design in three-dimensional strings, which in order is text, drawings, and model. Recently a new dimension have been included, which is digital database stored in computer. This new method require designer to input a string of command, to enable the computer to generated a building model of it, which is in a full scale, position, and have the correct material. Why brother using a computer, when you can do it in real life? Well, since its release date, it been critical complement to most company, that are used in their project, it has become increasingly used, versatile and efficient in this age of time. I personally used two program in High School, and let me tell you that it was a wonderful experience. Having a simple multiple floor plan turn into a building by clicking the 3D option was mind blowing at the first time I did it. It gives a sense of pride in your work, like you would feel in manual drafting.
Work Cited
Mitchell, William J. “BEYOND THE IVORY TOWER: Constructing Complexity in the Digital Age.” BEYOND THE IVORY TOWER: Constructing Complexity in the Digital Age. Science, 5 Mar. 2004. Web. 25 Oct. 2015.
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The article âSecurity Ethicsâ discusses the method of research used today to discover flaws within computer systems of widely known companies/organizations. The usage of hacking to help companies find mishaps within their systems âhas highlighted an ongoing tension in computer-security research.â With legal action being taken into play after computer-security researcher Karsten Nohl revealed âvulnerability in the algorithm used to prevent eavesdropping in the most widely used mobile telephone standard in the worldâ, researchers defend their case with the responsible disclosure protocol, which states that no weakness shall be released to the public until the developer is given the opportunity to repair it. One of the main issues found in researchersâ methods is the difficulties of researching without giving the impression of being criminals. Now with the demand for such investigation rising, the public rely upon these people and realize that their jobs are âgenuineâ.
Works Cited
“Security Ethics.” Nature 463.7278 (2010): 136. Web. 26 Oct. 2015.
Today, the United States along with many other nations are vulnerable to attacks within their very own networks. Information was recently released that a single British man was responsible for hacking 92 federal computer networks used by the Department of Defense. In 1997, a team of computer security experts that worked for the NSA hacked into the Department of Defenseâs computers and was granted access to the information they had as well as power grids and 911 communication systems that covered nine U.S. cities. All of this was done without the actual targets suspecting a thing. This scheme is known as the Eligible Receiver. The Eligible Receiver really moved the U.S. government into learning about cybersecurity along with taking more precautions over the cyberspace.
Works Cited
Marshall, Patrick. “Cybersecurity: How vulnerable is the U.S. to cyberwarfare?” CQ Researcher 13.33 (2003): 797-820. Web. 25 Oct. 2015.
Careers in: Engineering.
In this article by Robinson Clayton and Friedel Rick, they are talking about engineering in general. They are many different types of engineering, but to even call yourself an engineer you must first obtain a engineering degree from an recognizable instituted. According to Clayton obtain a engineering degree is only half of the work needed to be done to call yourself a professional engineer, you must also, ” served a four-year internship, written a professional practice exam, and meet any other criteria of the association that governs engineering and grants licenses in your province.”(1) As you can see getting and engineering degree is not as easy as it seem. This article also mentions some very important facts, for example engineering is base mainly on mathematics and sciences. This is important because by knowing this I will be able to understand what I will be facing in the future. Since I’m already good in math and science peek’s my interest, it shouldn’t be that much of a challenge to me. Another thing about this article is that they are talking about how engineering from different field are coming together to make the world a better place, something that I’m hoping to be a part of one day.
Clayton, Robinson, and Friedel Rick. “Careers In: Engineering.” Web.a.ebscohost.com.citytech.ezproxy.cuny.edu. Rogers Publishing Limited, 19 Nov. 2012. Web. 26 Oct. 2015.