Costa Rica’s climate is unique and diverse, ranging from tropical rainforests to temperate highlands, making it an attractive destination for travelers seeking varied weather experiences. The country experiences warm temperatures throughout the year, with variations depending on the altitude and proximity to the coast. Coastal areas experience temperatures ranging from 70°F to 90°F, while higher elevations, such as the center of the country, experience temperatures from 60°F to 80°F (Wilson, 2023). The dry season, known as ‘Verano’ (Summer), occurs from December to April, while the rainy season, ‘invierno’ (winter), occurs from May to November (Kaiser, 2019). During the dry season, one can enjoy stunning sunny days and lower rainfall, while the rainy season offers more precipitation and lush green landscapes (Castillo & Amador, 2020). However, landslides are widespread in Costa Rica due to the country’s high rainfall and seismic activity risk.
Additionally, frequent severe hydrometeorological events such as mudslides and coastal floods can occur due to the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) climate pattern, which causes environmental conditions throughout the Equatorial Pacific Ocean (El Niño and La Niña – National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2023). These events can lead to water disputes, droughts, crop failure, and poverty (Esquivel-Hernandez et al., 2017). Moreover, Costa Rica’s climate can affect neighboring Central American countries due to shared weather patterns. For example, an increased temperature or a change in precipitation can cause a higher demand for water/rainfall, leading to droughts and wildfires. Heavy rainfall and hurricanes in Costa Rica can also lead to flooding in other parts of Central America, compounding the challenges of dwindling water resources (Hidalgo, 2020). Therefore, while Costa Rica’s climate provides pleasant weather and diverse ecosystems for outdoor activities, it also carries significant implications that should be considered for the well-being of surrounding areas.
