Assignment 5 Housing Precedent Studies

To design, one must look to examples how others have approached a similar typology. There is never an exact match due to site conditions, program, budget, code regulations… but the more you research, the more solutions you may find that you educate you.

For this assignment you will be assigned (1) local housing project , (1) International projects, and (1) Building over Roadyway

There should be 1-2 sheets per project describing the fundamental issues that were addressed.  Each project should have the Architect, Location, and brief description along with drawings, photographs and diagrams. You should show diagrams (sketches or drawn over the plans/photographs of major components, circulation, entrance, lighting…) Also include unit floor plans to determine how each unit functions.

Select the drawings, diagram, images that best explain your precedent and answer the following questions:

1. What is the approach and path of entering the building and getting to individual apartments?
2. What are the amenities of the building – inside and outside?
3. Are the amenities public, semi-public or private?
4. What are the elements of the design that work well?
5. What elements of the design do not work well or need to be corrected?
6. How does the building relate to the site and neighborhood?
7. Is there only housing? or a mix of commercial or institutional?
8. How does natural light work in the spaces?
9. What types of units are in the building? 1,2,3 bedrooms? Layouts?
10. How do you access each unit?
11. Do each unit feel private? or exposed?

Global Housing Typology (G)

1. Cité de Refuge, Le Corbusier (Paris, France, 1933)
2. Hansaviertel Apartment Hous,e, Alvar Aalto (Berlin, Germany, 1955) ANDRES
3. Guild House, Venturi Scott Brown (Philadelphia, 1961)
4. Linked Hybrid, Steven Holl (Beijing, China, 2009) JONATHAN
5. Gifu Kitagata, Kazuyo Sejima (Gifu, Japan)
6. Saishunkan Seiyaku Womens’ Dormitory, Kazuyo Sejima (Kumamoto, Japan) Anthony
7. Kanchanjunga, Charles Correa (Bombay, India)
8. Kasbah, Piet Blom (Hengelo, NL)
9. Madrid Social Housing, Morphosis (Madrid, Spain) MARLENI
10. Habitat ’67, Moshe Safdie (Montreal, Canada) SOL
11. Unité d’Habitation, Le Corbusier (Marseille, France)-
12. Mirador, MVRDV (Madrid, Spain)
13. Yerba Buena Lofts, Stanley Saitowitz (San Franciso, CA)
14. 14. Le Nemausus, Atelier Jean Nouvel (Nimes, FR)
15. Hansaviertal Tower, Van den Broek en Bakerma (Berlin, DE)
16. Nakagin Capsule Tower, Kisho Kurokawa (Tokyo, Japan)
17. Robin Hood Garden Apartments, Alison and Peter Smithson (London, England)
18. Jacques Forte (Postal Worker Housing), Philippe Gazeau (Paris, France)
19. KNMS and Java Eiland, Diener and Diener, Architects (, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
20. Schots 1+2, S333 Architecture + Urbanism (Groningen, Netherlands)
21. Silodom Complex, MVRDV (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
22. Borneo, MAP Architects with Josep Lluis Mateo (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
23. Hook at Holland, J.J.P. Oud
24. Bouca Housing Complex, Alvaro Siza (Porto, Portugal)
25. Nexus World Housing, Steven Holl (Fukuoka, Japan)
26. Funabashi Apartments, Ryue Nishizawa (Chiba, Japan)
27. Eda Housing, Chiba Manabu Architects (Yokohama (Kanagawa), Japan)
28. Langham Court, Goody Clancy & Associates (Boston, MA)
29. Peabody Terrace, Sert, Jackson and Gourley (Cambridge, MA)
30. Lafayette Park Apartments Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe (Detroit, MI)
31. Marina City, Betrand Goldberg Associates (Chicago, IL)
32. VM Houses, BIG and JDS  JOHN
33. Quinta da Malagueira Housing, Alvaro Siza
34. Housing on Lutzowplatz, O.M. Ungers
35. Crawford Manor, Paul Rudolph (New Haven, CT) 

36. Savonnerie Heymans – Brussels, Belgium
37. Salburúa Social Housing – Álava, Spain
38. Parc Central Social Housing – Valencia, Spain
39. Tête en l’air Social Housing – Paris, France DARIO
40. Sint-Agatha-Berchem Housing Project – Brussels, Belgium
41. Le Lorrain – Brussels, Belgium
42. Vivazz, Mieres Social Housing – Asturias, Spain
43. Tetris Apartments – Ljubljana, Slovenia KAREN
44. L’Astrolarbre – Paris, France
45. Carabanchel Social Housing – Madrid, Spain
46. Les Nids – Courbevoie, France
47. Poljane Community Housing – Maribor, Slovenia
48. Harold Housing Project – Paris, France
49. Dortheavej Residence- BIG, Copenhagen, Denmark FLAMUR
50. 8 House- BIG, Copenhagen, Denmark
51. Social Complex in Alcabideche / Guedes Cruz Arquitectos Portugal
52. 114 Public Housing Units / Sauquet Arquitectes i Associats, Barcelona,Spain
53. BBK Sarriko Centre / ACXT, Bilboa Spain KEVIN
54. Mountain Dwelling / BIG, Copenhagen, Denmark JOSH

NYC Housing Projects (NYC)

1. Via Verde, Grimshaw& Dattner MARLENI
2. West 57^th– BIG    KEVIN
3. 251 1st Street / ODA New York KAREN
4. 15 Renwick / ODA New York JOHN
5. 56 Leonard Street / Herzog & de Meuron DARIO
6. Clinton Park/ Ten Arquitectos ANDRES
7. Beekman Tower, Frank Gehry SERGIO
8. The Dillon / Smith-Miller+Hawkinson Architects JOSH
9. 459 West 18th Street / Della Valle + Bernheimer
10. Waterside, Davis & Brody Associates
11. First Houses, New York City Housing Authority
12. OlympicTower, Skidmore, Owings and Merrill TOLU
13. Silver Towers/University Village, I.M. Pei
14. 160 East 22nd Street / S9 Architecture FLAMUR
15. 580 Carroll Street / TEN Arquitectos SOL
16. The Dunbar Apartments

Buildings over Roadways

Italy

• A1: In Cantagallo, Tuscany, an Auto-grill restaurant is built as an overpass across the highway. Diners have a view of the traffic below as they eat.^[1]

Japan

The Gate Tower Building is a 16-story office building in Fukushima-ku, Osaka, Japan. The tenant of floors five through seven is the Umeda Exit of the Ikeda Route of the Hanshin Expressway system. KEVIN

United States

California

• Historic Folsom Station, a light rail terminal in Folsom, was built above Folsom Boulevard (which is built to freeway standards). ANDRES
• Memorial Park sits above the I-210 freeway in La Cañada Flintridge.
• Monterey State Historic Park was constructed above Lighthouse Boulevard (which is built to nearly freeway standards).
• The Presidio Parkway in San Francisco features two landscaped connections over US-101.

Connecticut

• Conlin-Whitehead Highway, Hartford: The Hartford Public Library is built on a cap over the Conlin-Whitehead Highway extending from Main Street to Prospect Street.

District of Columbia

• Interstate 395: The National Mall runs directly over Interstate 395. SOL

Georgia

Southbound lanes on Georgia 400 approaching the tunnel under the Atlanta Financial Center.

• Interstate 75/85 (Downtown Connector), Atlanta: The Civic Center MARTA station is located over the Downtown Connector at West Peach tree Street, making it the only subway station built over an Interstate Highway.
• Interstate 285, Atlanta: The fifth runway of Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport runs above the interstate near Interstate 85.
• Georgia State Route 400 also in Atlanta: Atlanta Financial Center straddles the roadway.

Illinois

• Illinois Tollway oases, multiple locations and Interstate Highways: Rest areas which extend over the Interstate Highway.^[2] There are six oases, located on the Tri-State Tollway (I-80, I-94 and I-294), Jane Addams Memorial Tollway (Interstate 90 in Illinois) and the Ronald Reagan Memorial Tollway (I-88). The four on the Tri-State Tollway and the one on the Jane Addams Memorial Tollway are built over the roadway, while the DeKalb Oasis on the Ronald Reagan Memorial Tollway is on the south side of the roadway. Customers are able to sit inside the oases and eat while traffic goes by beneath them. This type of development is common in the United Kingdom.
• I-290 has a former U.S Post Office over it. The building existed first and was designed for a future road that was built in the 1950s as the Congress Expressway (now the Eisenhower Expressway). Google Street View

Kentucky

• Interstate 64, just before the Kennedy Interchange, passes under Riverfront Plaza/Belvedere. The Belvedere is an 8-acre (32,000 m²) plaza with a concert stage, view of the Ohio River and Louisville’s skyline, as well as a fountain and bronze statue of George Rogers Clark. Aerial image

Massachusetts

• Interstate 90, Boston: The Prudential Tower and Copley Place in downtown are built over Interstate 90. A less-known fact about Interstate 90 is that it is built over what used to be the largest railroad corridor in New England; photos from the 1950s show huge rail yards where I-90 now comes into the city. Many of the oddities on I-90 are the result of deals struck by the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority, Perini Corporation (which constructed the majority of the highway), and existing buildings at the time of construction. Aerial images: Prudential Tower Copley Place DARIO
• Interstate 195, Fall River: Government Center is built above the freeway.
• Interstate 90, Newton: a Shaw’s supermarket (referred to by traffic reporters as the “Shaw’s overpass” or the Supermarket overpass (formerly the “Star Market overpass”) and the Sheraton Newton Hotel (now a Crown Plaza hotel) are built atop I-90. Aerial images: Star Market Sheraton Newton Hotel

Michigan

• Interstate 696 (Walter P. Reuther Freeway) is capped in three different locations with parks at ground level as it passes through Oak Park and Southfield.USGS Aerial photograph @ Google
• M-10 (John C. Lodge Freeway) in Detroit passes beneath Cobo Center, Detroit’s expo and convention center.

Minnesota

• Interstate 394, Minneapolis: Three parking garages that were funded as part of the U.S. Route 12 improvement are constructed above the Eastern terminus of the road. They are the Seventh street ramp, Fifth Street Ramp, and Fourth Street Ramp. JOSH

Missouri

• Interstate 670, Kansas City: The Bartle Hall Convention Center extends over the freeway in downtown Kansas City. Aerial image JOHN
• Interstate 64, St. Louis: A large bridge-like structure connects two ends of the Saint Louis Science Center. People walking through the structure can see cars going by, and use radar guns to measure their speed. Also, cars driving below can see the atmospheric condition of the general area every morning, as it is posted on an electronic sign on the side. Aerial image
• Interstate 44, St. Louis: A pedestrian bridge over the interstate connects two buildings on the Maritz corporate campus

Nebraska

• Interstate 80, Kearney: The Great Platte River Road Archway Monument, a 1,500-ton structure spanning 308 feet (93.87 m), houses a museum dedicated to frontier culture.

Nevada

• Interstate 80, Reno: A Walgreens store sits on top of a segment of Interstate 80 in downtown Reno. Aerial image KAREN

New York

• FDR Drive: Along the eastern banks of Manhattan in New York City, numerous parks and buildings were constructed atop FDR Parkway, most notably Battery Park, Carl Schurz Park, and the United Nations Headquarters. FLAMUR
• Interstate 95, New York: The segment between the George Washington Bridge and the Harlem River is covered by various apartment buildings, a parking lot and the George Washington Bridge Bus Terminal. This section of Interstate 95 is often referred as “The Apartments”. Aerial image
• South Mall Arterial: In downtown Albany, the Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire State Plaza was built atop the South Mall Arterial.

Ohio

The Cap at N. High Street I-670 in Columbus

• Interstate 670, Columbus, Ohio: A portion of High Street that passes over 10 lanes of the Interstate just north of downtown Columbus is capped and bordered by buildings housing several stores. The design of the buildings borrowed from the old Union Station terminal that once stood at the site.
• Interstate 71, Cincinnati, Ohio: Several low-rise apartment buildings and Lytle Park are located above a 1,000-foot-long (300 m) tunnel that carries I-71 through Downtown Cincinnati connecting it to Fort Washington Way

Oklahoma

• The Will Rogers Turnpike (I-44): The world’s largest McDonald’s is built over the turnpike near Vinita, Oklahoma, about three miles east of the mainline toll plaza.

Texas

• Klyde Warren Park, Dallas, Texas. TOLU

Virginia

• Interstate 66, Arlington: The parking garage next to Washington-Lee High School is built over top of 66 which is trenched at this point so as to reduce the noise levels in surrounding neighborhoods.
• Interstate 564, Norfolk: The runway of NAS Norfolk-Chambers Field passes directly over the western end of I-564. A C-5 Galaxy (the largest military aircraft in the western world) once got stuck on the overpass and motorists could view the gigantic aircraft as they drove underneath.
• Downtown Expressway, Richmond: Kanawa Plaza was built over the 195 toll road to reconnect the city’s business district to the James River. The 3 acre plaza features a large, sunken pool, an open air venue and tree covered areas for smaller groups. It was conceived in 1972, completed in 1980 and renovated in 2016.

Washington

• Interstate 5, Seattle: the Freeway Park sits on top of Interstate 5, which connects downtown to the Capitol Hill and First Hill districts. The park is multi-level and as such, there are areas where visitors are able to watch traffic pass by. The park is connected to the Washington State Convention Center which is also built on top of I-5.
• Interstate 90, Mercer Island: the Aubrey Davis Park sits atop the Mercer Island Lid.
• Interstate 705: Fireman’s Park in downtown Tacoma sits atop the southbound lanes of Interstate 705.
• Washington State Route 520, Eastside: Three parks on lids in Yarrow Point and Clyde Hill, of which two also have bus stations in the median.

Wisconsin

• Interstate 43, Milwaukee: The northbound lanes formerly ran underneath the Milwaukee County Courthouse Annex, which was torn down in spring 2006. Aerial image (2000)