Category Archives: Reading Summary / Reflection

Reflection: “Why is Academic Writing so Academic?”

An interesting point the author, Joshua Rothman, of the “Why is Academic Writing so Academic?” article made is that while journalism is moving in a populist direction, academic writing is doing the opposite. Academics write their articles and papers with the mindset that only very small, select groups of people will read them. I have noticed that when I have read academic articles in the past that the targeted audience is specific. The method in which the material is discussed in academic writings is dry and concentrated. Typically, the author writes in such a way that he expects the reader to already have knowledge on the subject. Because of this, these academic writings fit into a small niche.

I think another reason why the audience reading academic writing has shrunk is because of how difficult it has become to access academic journals. Rothman attributes the exclusive nature of academic writing to the way the system that produces these writings is. I agree with him. He did not explicitly address this factor, but after reading “Students Can’t Access Essential Research” for a past reflection, I believe that if more people had access to academic journals, it would expand academic writing. Not only would students, professors, and other members of academia read academic writing if access to it was easier and more affordable, but people who simply have an interest in the topic would read it.

 

 

Wikipedia And The Death Of The Expert, Reflection # 9

In the article Death of an Expert Witness by Maria Bustillos, author talked about Wikipedia and how its works.  Wikipedia is based around a strong hierarchy between experts and everyone else, experts do primary research. They look at the actual stuff. Wiki-editors do secondary research. They read the sources that the experts write and debate the meaning of those sources. As myself doing my final project on editing the Wikipedia pages, so this article was really helpful and pretty impressive. I learned that every statement in a Wikipedia article has to be backed up with a citation to an article or book produced by a journalist, an academic, a scientist, or some other expert who has carried out primary research.

Why Is Academic Writing So Academic? Reflection # 8

In article Why Is Academic Writing So Academic? by Joshua Rothman told us about the how now a days people write stuff in all academic institutes. After reading the article i will say there is one basic reason for the often awkward and dull writing is that many of the writers and audience are not native English users. As an engineering student sometimes i feel Scientific  papers are hard enough to read because of the content, allowing everyone their own style would make it even harder. I will say some people are much better writers than others, and many editors could probably do a better job asking for using cleaner language, but i think most of us read for information not really looking for style.

Historic Maps as Historian Evidence, Reflection # 7

In this article Historic maps as historian evidence by institution of library and museums, really explained why People create maps and what are the so many reasons behind all that. After reading this article i can say maps are to help and visualize places, and to pass on information about places to other people. Maps also use to calculate the time it takes to move from place to place. After reading this article i realized that almost my all of the research is based on maps. Historic maps also help us to understand how our vision of the world has changed, either because we have more complete knowledge about the landscape, or because we think about space and time in ways that would have been foreign to past generations. My final project is  on sand’s family farms land, how there farm land converted into blocks and residential area. This reading was really helpful in lot of different ways.

Reflection #8: “Students Can’t Access Essential Research”

Access to academic research has become more expensive each year. It is becoming a trend for schools to cancel subscriptions to academic journals due to insufficient financial means. Despite the fact that these journals are filled with research based articles written by researchers for free, the publishers, many of which are for-profit, sell access to the journals at inflated rates. An article can only be published in one journal at a time and cannot be posted or shared through other mediums. Because of this rule, the publishers are able to create a monopoly thus removing any preventatives that would control prices.

By contributing to public resources like Wikipedia, we are able to share this research with people who cannot otherwise access these journals. When a contributor adds cited data, we inform the reader of reliable information. This attempts to level the playing field of research. It aids people to do more thorough, extensive research because they are now able to access additional research-based sources.

Academic Research

Academic research is a privilege because only the few, usually institutions, who can afford to pay for access to it are able to use the most up-to-date research findings and information. Academic and research institutions are more likely to have access to research and peer review journals due to the high yearly costs, normally ranging from $10,000 to $25,000, that would prevent most individuals from being able to afford to pay for access to the journals. If academic research were a right, then there would be significantly less to no cost for access to the most up-to-date journals. (Today, there are financial cost even on things that we consider to be within our rights; for example, we have the right to a trial, but lawyers need to be paid and there are court fees. Usually the tax payers “flip the bill.”)

We can leverage the academic research privilege by contributing to public resources like Wikipedia, which will provide free and easy access to information that someone has obtained from using an “out-of-reach” academic research journal (properly cited of course). This would allow a large number of individuals, who are unable to obtain that academic research, to be able to have access to these priceless/invaluable research resources. Resources like Wikipedia, would facilitate a way to avoid huge fees and be a way, a “loop hole,” around the money barrier that would grant free and unlimited access to any researcher.

Hypothesis about Vinegar Hill 1870-1920

My group and I focused on Vinegar Hill during the period of 1870-1920. We wanted to learn how technological developments impacted Vinegar Hill as an improved neighborhood and community. Between 1870 to 1920, Brooklyn became more connected to Manhattan. The Brooklyn and Manhattan Bridges were completed in 1883 and 1909, directly attaching Downtown Brooklyn to Lower Manhattan.

Not long after the bridges were opened, the first subway was opened in 1904. Many more subway routes were created providing thousands of people with easy and affordable transportation. In 1907 came the first affordable automobile. Cars and trollies then had become popular towards the 1920s.  These modes of transportation made access between the boroughs easier, as well as to and from Vinegar Hill.