Review Exercises

1.  Match the term to its correct description.

SA                      Plateau        AV           Purkinje fibers         Bundle of His             
AV bundles     Absolute      EKG         IV septum       Autorhythmic      Relative             
Internodal tracts          Calcium       Depolarization       Bachmann’s bundle

1. _____________ The ability of myocytes to contract on their own.
2. _____________ Na+ is responsible for this phase of an action potential.
3. _____________ Located in the interventricular septum.
4. _____________ Responsible for the plateau phase seen in cardiac action potential.
5. _____________ Connects the bundle branches to the AV node.
6. _____________ Initiates the normal contraction of the heart.
7. _____________ Connects the SA node to the left atrium.
8. _____________ No action potential can be initiated at this phase.
9. _____________ Used to diagnose certain cardiac disorders.
10. _____________ Problems with these will directly affect the ventricles.
11. _____________ Seen in cardiac action potential but not in skeletal action potential
12. _____________ These connect the SA node with AV node.
13. _____________ This directs the action potentials to the Bundle of HIS.
14. _____________ location of the left and right bundles.
15. _____________ Strong stimuli can initiate an action potential during this phase.

2.  Compare and contrast skeletal muscles with cardiac muscles. For each characteristic given say whether they are found in one or both muscle types.

2. Use the cardiogram below to determine duration of the following. Use the number of squares to calculate

 

P wave                  _________________

QRS complex       _________________

T wave                  _________________

P-R interval          _________________

S-T segment        _________________

Q-T interval         _________________

T-P segment        _________________

3.2.  Which feature or components of an ECG represents

a) Ventricular contraction                                                               ______________
b) Repolarization of ventricles                                                       ______________
C) Time for impulse to travel from AV node to ventricles         ______________
d) Atrial depolarization                                                                   ______________

3.3 A patient came in to the ER complaining of chest pain. An EKG was taking immediately. The following were some of the results obtained initially.

R-R intervals were 2 large squares.
PR interval is 0.30
Large QRS complex (>0.20)
Abnormally long ST segments

List three heart conditions or abnormality associated with these results.

 

4.  Label the following diagram.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Research

5.  Select one of the common cardiovascular diseases and, in one paragraph, describe causes, sign and symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.